Importance of sport Essay

Nowadays importance of sports is increasing in the world especially in Pakistan because physical activities are being reduced due to modern techniques and machinery age. At the present time sports is also having high importance equal to education. Our Government is also focusing on the importance of sports so the children should be active and pay attention on importance of sports. Government is also trying to provide us facilities as much as they can. Our government is also making many sport centers all around our country so that citizens take benefits of it and mainly our government had make sports an essential part in our curriculam.Sports is also importance like the education .Educationalist had also discovered that sports are important for our health and our fitness. In the past time we were having limited facilities but now we have more multiple facilities but now there are vast varieties of sports like Cricket, Baseball, Football, Soccer etc†¦.But unfortunately we could not give much time to sports due to indoor games, mobile, net and etc†¦There are many benefits of sports too like playing sports everyday makes us active and healthy which is very much good for our health. Playing sports is essential for everyone in this world because it is the main thing which makes us fit and active in every field of life. We should balance three things in our life the first one is education second one is our prayers and the third one is sports. There are too many benefits of playing sports everyday some of them are as following one of them is greater confidence and self awareness. We can show our talent and our skills to the world which can build good relationships between us and people which build up our confidence level and social contact. We can improve our health, fitness and overall well-being by playing every day early in the morning. If we will not continue this practice in our daily life so we will feel isolated and we will feel loneliness. Playing sports every day will increase our ability to deal with stress and it will reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression.We should keep playing every day.Someone had said that:†Champions keep playing until they get it right†. It can make our habit of tolerance so that we can accept challenges from others because in sports sometimes someone has to lose or wins that`s why this makes us be patient and tolerant and also makes us to do struggle in the every field of life. The main moral of it is that it makes us to face  challenges and keep motivate us to do more struggle. It is useful means of entertainment and physical activity. This will make us healthy and gives us energy and strength. The main meaning of it is that mental and physical growth. Sports have a quality to build our character. Sports and games give us opportunity to grow our life. During sports there is a benefit that we can learn many things like maintain mental balance and our hopes. Nowadays sports have been commercialized. They have become a good means of earning. Sports have a great importance or have value. The man who does good will be showered with name, fame and wealth. Sports facilities are being developed in rural and urban areas. Sports infrastructure are being developed by many organization which are working day and night on sports facilities for us only so we should take advantage from it. Sports can make us prevent from diseases. It can remove our tiredness and can make us fresh. They can improve our blood circulation. Sports are very much important for our Youth.The sports have other name called bodily exercise. Sports not benefits only body but mind too. The health of the body is essential for success in life. An unhealthy person man is also sad, gloomy and therefore loses his confidence but a healthy man or person will always active and attentive so that’s why he didn’t lose his confidence. The great advantage of Sports is that they combine exercise with thrill and with excitement. Sports develop and encourage the spirit of man.

Compare and contrast essay “traveling through the dark” and “woodchuck” Essay

â€Å"Traveling through the Dark† by William E. Stanford and â€Å"Woodchucks† by Maxine Kumin a man must make the choice of nature and its ways. Both poems have their similarities and differences. Traveling through the dark and woodchucks share various ways of similarities, Man vs Nature Death situations are involved in both poems. Through the use of narrations both poems have different attitudes. Traveling through the dark starts off dark and progress towards a more serious tone and, the reader sympathizes with the main action in getting the dead deer off the road. So he can prevent future deaths. Both poems use strong verbs to communicate the point effectively as possible. Traveling through the dark has no rhyme scheme and follows contemplative tone, that comes from the decision of life and death which sets the mood of the poem: sadness and despair. Kumin uses â€Å" beheaded† and â€Å"hooked† to illustrate the images to she wants to communicate. In Woodchuck, Maxine talks about the violence in killing the woodchuck and actually shows the reader the killing and violence whereas the Traveling through the dark illustrates a human reaction to the less-violent act. The poem however does have a rhyme scheme but does not conform to conventional forms of rhyme. The first stanza happens when the speaker describing their failed attempt to eliminate the pest. Following through the poem a sense of humor becomes between the writer and the woodchucks. Each poem has a violent, grim, painful and guilty tone to it, maybe some or less in others. while reading â€Å"traveling through the dark† the doe’s death and the inescapable fate of the baby fawn brings on a feeling of guilt, more so that the poem of the â€Å"woodchucks†, also in the contrast the â€Å"woodchucks poem emphasizes on violence more than its partner. Throughout the story the narrator is blood thirsty and cares only about the death of woodchucks but does not relate to what is actually happening around the time or what was happening around him the nazi period. The death of each animal leaves the reader feeling sad and hopeless. In comparison, Kumin only focuses on the man’s reaction to the the woodchucks â€Å"beheading the carrots†, traveling through the dark is more objective as compared to the woodchucks which is more emotional although they are both almost equal effective.

Aristotle Biography Essay

Philosopher (c. 384 BCE–c. 322 BCE) Synopsis Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, Greece. When he turned 17, he enrolled in Plato’s Academy. In 338, he began tutoring Alexander the Great. In 335, Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing. Aristotle died in 322 B.C., after he left Athens and fled to Chalcis. Early Life Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle was born circa 384 B.C. in Stagira, a small town on the northern coast of Greece that was once a seaport. Aristotle’s father, Nicomachus, was court physician to the Macedonian king Amyntas II. Although Nicomachus died when Aristotle was just a young boy, Aristotle remained closely affiliated with and influenced by the Macedonian court for the rest of his life. Little is known about his mother, Phaestis; she is also believed to have died when Aristotle was young.After Aristotle’s father died, Proxenus of Atarneus, who was married to Aristotle’s older sister, Arimneste, became Aristotle’s guardian until he came of age. When Aristotle turned 17, Proxenus sent him to Athens to pursue a higher education. At the time, Athens was considered the academic center of the universe. In Athens, Aristotle enrolled in Plato’s Academy, Greek’s premier learning institution, and proved an exemplary scholar. Aristotle maintained a relationship with Greek philosopher Plato, himself a student of Socrates, and his academy for two decades. Plato died in 347 B.C. Because Aristotle had disagreed with some of Plato’s philosophical treatises, Aristotle did not inherit the position of director of the academy, as many imagined hewould.After Plato died, Aristotle’s friend Hermias, king of Atarneus and Assos in Mysia, invited Aristotle to court. During his three-year stay in Mysia, Aristotle met and married his first wifePythias, Hermias’ niece. Together, the couple had a daughter, Pythias, named after her mother. Teaching In 338 B.C., Aristotle went home to Macedonia to start tutoring King Phillip II’s son, the then 13-year-old Alexander the Great. Phillip and Alexander both held Aristotle in high esteem and ensured that the Macedonia court generously compensated him for his work. In 335 B.C., after Alexander had succeeded his father as king and conquered Athens, Aristotle went back to the city. In Athens, Plato’s Academy, now run by Xenocrates, was still the leading influence on Greek thought. With Alexander’s permission, Aristotle started his own school in Athens, called the Lyceum. On and off, Aristotle spent most of the remainder of his life working as a teacher, researcher and writer at the Lyceum in Athens. Because Aristotle was known to walk around the school grounds while teaching, his students, forced to follow him, were nicknamed the â€Å"Peripatetics,† meaning â€Å"people who travel about.† Lyceum members researched subjects ranging from science and math to philosophy and politics, and nearly everything in between. Art was also a popular area of interest. Members of the Lyceum wrote up their findings in manuscripts. In so doing, they built the school’s massive collection of written materials, which by ancient accounts was credited as one of the first great libraries. In the same year that Aristotle opened the Lyceum, his wife Pythias died. Soon after, Aristotle embarked on a romance with a woman named Herpyllis, who hailed from his hometown of Stagira. According to some historians, Herpyllis may have been Aristotle’s slave, granted to him by the Macedonia court. They presume that he eventually freed and married her. Regardless, it is known that Herpyllis bore Aristotle children, including one son named Nicomachus, after Aristotle’s father. Aristotle is believed to have named his famed philosophical work Nicomachean Ethics in tribute to his son. When Aristotle’s former student Alexander the Great died suddenly in 323 B.C., the pro-Macedonian government was overthrown, and in light of anti-Macedonia sentiment , Aristotle was charge with impiety. To avoid being prosecuted, he left Athens and fled to Chalcis on the island of Euboea, where he would remain until his death.

Earnings per share FASB project on convergence with the IFRS Essay

Earnings per share FASB project on convergence with the IFRS - Essay Example The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) avers to serve "the investing public through transparent information resulting from high-quality financial reporting standards" (FASB, Home Page)The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the FASB acknowledge that the convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the U.S. Generally, Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) is the primary objective of both boards. The FASB has taken up several 'projects' to address issues where differences have been found in reporting standards and have successfully concluded many; some are under current scrutiny. One of the current issues is the reporting of 'Earnings per Share' or EPS as it is popularly known.Different tools are available for making financial analysis of stocks and range from the very simple and elegant to the very complex and difficult to understand. The financial performance of the company, and therefore, its future prospects and stock performance, i s better understood through the calculation of some important ratios that assist us in a detailed appraisal. The EPS method looks at the financial performance of the company; focusing on the earnings recorded per ordinary share in a particular accounting period. This number provides a clear picture of the actual profitability of the company and is used to calculate the Price to Earnings (PE) ratio which represents the ratio of the market price of the share compared with EPS. Since the share price changes almost continually this latter ratio also keeps changing and needs to be calculated on real time basis at the time of making investment related decisions. This is the most important ratio used by the market generally to assess the relative rating of a share and the company's prospects and, of course, is the easiest to understand. It identifies the number of years' earnings needed to cover the current market price of the share. This paper presents the results of a detailed study of this project and its immediate and long term implications for the accounting fraternity as well as the users of accounting statements, viz. the management, shareholders and other stakeholders of the company as well as auditors, potential suitors (for takeover bids) and public. The Standards IAS are a set of financial reporting policies that typically require increased disclosure and restrict management's choices of measurement methods relative to the accounting standards of the local GAAP standards (Ashbaugh & Pincus, 2001). With regard to the Earnings per Share the FASB issued a statement (Statement No. 128: Earnings per Share) and the IASB its statement IAS-33. Both boards have been working together to resolve the differences in order to bring convergence in the two statements and plan to make their final recommendations open for public comment in the first quarter of 2008. This draft will be open comment for 120 days and will then be adopted, with modifications, if required through public opinion. This draft will represent the third such 'exposure draft' on the subject, the earlier ones required many changes based on public comment and had to be revised. The earlier drafts were based on the comments on the statement 128 in 2003 and the first exposure draft in 2005. The description of EPS i.e. The basic earnings divided by the average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period (IAS33-R.10) leads us to the immediate issues involved: a) How are the basic earnings to be calculated, and b) what is the number of shares the earnings must be divided by to arrive at the EPS. We examine how these are considered under the IFRS and GAAP to arrive at the differences between the current practices under the two regulations. Basic Earnings The concept is to arrive at the profit of the company that is attributable to the ordinary shareholders of the company and therefore the basic earnings must be calculated as net profit (or loss) less preference dividends

The Tender Submission Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Tender Submission - Research Paper Example Once the team has completed, it should have a complete background of the engineering companies and their employment habits. The second team in the group will be involved in getting information about the criteria for accreditation by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology. This will help the group assess the students and teachers satisfaction on the board. This will be conducted by holding interviews with teachers, students, and subordinate staff. This will give the interviewers an idea of the relationship between the students and staff. The bottom line is that there is a need to establish the relationship and level of satisfaction of the students and the staff. The third group will be involved in assessing the graduates’ level of knowledge and how much they understand in the field of engineering. Graduates mainly gain knowledge in one area and then they do not have much knowledge in other areas. This group will be tasked to find out the areas where the graduate s have much knowledge in and the areas that they do not have the knowledge. The research team will get information through the use of questionnaires and interviews. After getting the necessary information, they will generate a report showing the graduates’ areas of strength and the demand for these areas in the market. After the third group has delivered their report, the fourth group will find out about the skills needed by the engineering industry. They will visit companies and conduct interviews so as to know the kind of skills that these companies need. This will help the schools and graduates know the skills in demand and thus concentrate on them. This group will also try to find out if the graduates already employed usually possess these skills and if they meet the company’s expectations. The data analyst and the project manager will use the reports generated by the first four groups to come up with a solution to improve the graduates’ skills. The report w ill also include tips to improve the quality of education at the University of Glamorgan. It will also show the core qualities in demand by engineering companies and the qualities possessed by the graduates from the same University. All the groups in the team will come together and develop a report based on all the five reports from the various groups. The report will reflect the technical methods of improving engineering skills at the University of Glamorgan. It will also show the organizational structure of how these skills can be implemented to meet the market demands in the field of engineering. Finally it will also focus on the University’s academics and create great emphasis on the core skills that most companies are after. This will be used as a guideline that teachers and instructors can use to improve the students’ skills in those skills that most engineering companies are after. Risk Assessment Risk assessment is part of risk management. It involves determina tion of qualitative or quantitive risk values in a given situation. In this research, risk assessment will be applied in all stages to ensure the elimination of any threat or situation that might hamper the research. The risk assessment will be carried out before each task starts. The assessment will involve systematic analysis of the task and identify the possible hazards that the team members might face. This will enable the team to be ready for such problems and will have the means or ways to overcome them.

Short and Long-term Financing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Short and Long-term Financing - Assignment Example Sainsbury plc uses different types of financing such as borrowing, bank loans, term loans and equity funds to acquire needed cash. Long term finance is usually paid off after a long period of time such as 10-25 years. On the other hand, short term finance needs to be paid off within a year. Long term finance is acquired to fulfil a company's long-term funding needs whereas short term funds are used to finance company's working capital. Sainsbury relies on short term bank loans, bank overdrafts and short term notes for short term financing, and relies on equity shareholder's funds, medium term notes, finance leases and loan stock for long term financing. The company relies on too much loan capital, which is mostly high interest bearing in the long-term. High payments of interest reduce the company's profits. Also, high loan capital weakens a company's credit worthiness and increases risk in future. Equity financing carries high cost because it is more risky for investors. However, equity financing can be used to generate huge capital and payment of dividends is not compulsory. On the other hand, debt financing requires fixed payment of interest compulsorily. Businesses cannot rely on one source of finance rather they endeavour to maintain a mix of debt and equity capital. Companies with high debt capital are considered as more risky and therefore, the cost of capital will rise as creditors will demand more return i.e. high interest because of high risk involved. High risk, high return for investors and high cost for the company. Evidence B Working Capital Management- Sainsbury plc Working capital can simply be defined as the amount of funds in excess of current assets over current liabilities. It is basically the sum of money which is left after keeping aside the funds that are to be paid off to short term creditors. Working capital is used to finance a company's short term business needs and expenditures Working capital has two major elements viz. the current assets and the current liabilities. It can be mentioned as: Working capital = current assets-current liabilities In order to analyse a company's working capital management, it is useful to calculate ratios such as current ratio, quick ratio, receivable turnover ratio and stock turnover ratio (see appendix I). All these ratios help to determine a company's working capital position. Current ratio shows the ability of a company to meet its short term expenses and obligations out of its current assets less current liabilities. Sainsbury plc's current ratio is 0.79:1 at the end of the year 2006 whereas it was 0.57:1 in 2005 and 0.83:1 in the year 2004. It shows that the working capital position of the company has declined by about 5% over the last three years. The company is able to pay off only 79p for every 1 borrowed. Quick ratio is a variant of current ratio. It is calculated on the basis of only the current assets that can be readily converted into cash, excluding inventory and prepaid expenditures. Sainsbury plc's quick ratio is 0.67:1 at the end of year 2006, 0.46:1 in 2005 and 0.67 in 2004. This means that the company is only able to pay off 67p for every 1 of its short term obligations out of its quick current assets. For efficient working capital management, it is very essential that the company is able quickly convert its receivables and inventories into cash. The receivable turnov

Statement in support of application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement in support of application - Essay Example I worked hard to gain much necessary work experience while I was in college. This hard work let me serve as a journalist in many local and international Arabic papers. Although I worked hard to gain work experience, I did not neglect my studies. I put much effort into learning English, and into getting good grades. Also, I put time into extracurricular activities, like the Kuwait Environment Society and the Human Rights Society. After graduation, I became a correspondent for Saudi Research and Marketing, between the years 1998 and 2000. I then moved on to become a strategies and policies researcher for CSFS in Kuwait, and stayed in that position until 2001. Then I became a deputy director for the same company in 2001. In 2002, I became the acting director for CSFS (I also became a freelance media and public relations consultant at that time, and am continuing doing that to the present) until 2003, when I then became the director for research and public relations for Kuwait University. Starting in 2004, I was then promoted to Vice Chairman of the media group. I then became a public relations and media manager for an investment company. As you can see, my work experience is varied. I have done basic things, such as editing reports, press releases and spread sheets, but my later work is what I am proudest of.

Career research paper on nursing Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Career on nursing - Research Paper Example 6). In addition, there are different types of nursing as well. Nursing is ‘infinitely varied’. Although all nurses receive the same amount of education, the work they handle may vary because their placement in hospitals is different. For example, a nurse on duty in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) has to know the use of sophisticated machinery. A nurse in charge of patients who are well on their way to recovery has to be skilled in the way he/she talks; the nurse has to be polite, friendly, and exuberant. Therefore, it emphasizes the fact that nursing is a very ‘people’s’ profession (Sacks, pp.5). Nursing is a profession that was started by Florence Nightingale in the mid-nineteenth century and it has undergone radical changes (Sacks, pp.6). There has been a debate over the fact whether nursing is a ‘full profession’ or a semi professional one. Researchers (Timby, pp. 23-25) state that nursing cannot be regarded fully as a profession, becaus e people in it do not possess full characteristics that are required to achieve a full profession status. However, students of the nursing field remain adamant of the fact that most of the required definition of a profession is met by nursing, therefore, qualifying it as a full profession (Hiscott, pp.4). However, nursing as a career provides many opportunities, especially part time. Women who have to manage families can actually become part of this profession.

Executive Remuneration Principles and practice Coursework

Executive Remuneration Principles and practice - Coursework Example There was a big financial crisis in 2007. The remuneration practices for the executives in large financial institutions and industrial firms played a large role in that crisis.1 The main slogan of these debates was "there should be a fair compensation". The meaning of this line can be implied in the following ways 2 : For gaining a big profit, the managers or the agents interest does not necessarily match with that of the shareholders.3 They run the show according to their convenience and satisfaction, even if that hurts the shareholders sentiments. This can cost the firm to lose a strategically important acquisitions offers and even a takeover decision as well. This might increase the value of the shareholders but the position of the managers will be at stake. If we look into the matter in this aspect, then a fair remuneration is that which is given as per the market condition and value. This should be decided by a healthy negotiation. The second important factor in this regard is disclosure or precisely a better transparency.4 This is also important as far as the accounting is concerned. This acts as an important monitoring tool that deals with the fairness of remuneration. This is beneficial for the company as well as the market authority and the stakeholders that help them put forward a stren uous auditing activity. The people who are in charge of remuneration decision, decide on the remuneration that may not be a fair one and also it lacks transparency. Improvement of the corporate governance policies makes the task of decision-making easier. Promoting fair regulators, negotiations and also few best practices act as boosters to this step.5 There are chances that new and improved decision steps are being added. The purpose of this is not only limited to the creation of an independent board that has an internal remuneration committee, but also to allow the shareholders to be an important part of the remuneration process.6

Creative Briefs Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Creative Briefs - Term Paper Example The writer for Chock Full o’Nuts has been prompted to write the creative brief in order to offer directions on the client’s advertisement. It is important that the advertisement takes advantage of the increased demand for home brewed coffee over specialty coffees for the writer. This genre has been selected for rhetorical analysis because of my interest in advertising, especially with regards to design requirements. The Chock Full o’Nuts brief, for example, requires that the advert show the coffee’s regional allegiance to New York and the benefits of home brewing. Through a description of required landmarks and comparison of the two coffees, the writer seeks to create a mental image of what the advert should focus on. The writer also seems to assume that the readers know all about coffee. This is different to the Imogen Heaps’ brief, in which the writer gives the readers information on trends in the music industry. The writer has acted after communi cation with the client and research findings, which have moved him towards seeking to advertise the album on a digital platform. The writer utilizes description of the music industry through research findings, comparison of two music formats, and rationalization of the differences between the two platforms. By addressing this brief to the advertising team, the writer is seeking to establish a professional relationship with them.The Chock Full o’Nuts creative brief takes the stance that American coffee enthusiasts are turning to home brewed coffee due to its lower price.

Discussion Board 6 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Discussion Board 6 - Assignment Example NASA was blamed for creating a cover up story as well as creating complex aircrafts and recognizing the risk without taking necessary precautions while BP did not get much blame for remaining true to the disaster’s outcome even though they ignored the risks behind their oil drilling project. (47). The oil industry spends most money on researching for safe drilling operation while ignoring the possible outcome of a disaster spillage (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). For instance, BP spends approximately 29 million dollars in a span of 3years on the research of safe drilling methods. Robert Wine, the company’s spokesman admitted that the company does not invest on oil spill cleanup researches but support the non-governmental ‘oil spill response organizations’. (48). Million dollar firms have public relation departments whose primary purpose is to respond to emergencies. For instance, the NASA took much of the blame from the Gulf oil spill due to its reaction to the disaster (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). In this case, multibillion dollar firm have public relation departments whose role is to respond to emergencies thus preventing the companies from incurring losses when responding to disaster. (49). The NASA and FMEA have both similarities and differences in there in their approach to risk. Both the NASA and FMEA have ways of protecting the might fail. They also have ways of estimating the likelihood of a fail (Meredith & Mantel, 2012). Both firms have ways of estimating the likelihood of failure occurrences and severity of the mission. However the FMEA has devised possible ways of protecting the might fail while NASA has not gone to such

United States participation in WWII Essay Example for Free

United States participation in WWII Essay United States participation in WWII brought many changes to the United States. Having been thrust from an isolationist foreign policy back into the spotlight of a new Cold War, the nation began to accept and embrace its status as a world superpower. Although the War changed the United socially and politically, the most significant changes were economic in nature. The social order prior to WWII changed drastically after the war. One such area of transition was that of the role of women in society. (Amott Matthei pg. 18)   Women in general and married women in particular had an increased presence in the work force. There were two factors from WWII that prompted this. (Amott Matthei pg. 19) One was the fact that most able-bodied men were drafted into the military, leaving a gap in the labor force that women were openly encouraged to fill. (Amott Matthei pg. 20)   The second factor was the increased need for production during war time. (Amott Matthei pg. 21)   After the war, while many women returned to the domestic lifestyle that was glorified by the media at the time, many more women stayed in the working world lured by increased pay incentives and a better overall economy. (Amott Matthei pg. 42) On the hiring side, women were no longer limited by the so-called â€Å"marriage bar† that made it extremely difficult for married women to find employment. (Amott Matthei pg. 47)   The working woman served as an example of the type of independent person that many women sought to emulate in the 1960s and 1970s. (Amott Matthei pg. 50)   It was after the war that women began to truly break down the social barriers, particularly in the work place that had kept them in traditionally female jobs, such as teaching and nursing. (Amott Matthei pg. 190) The War also portended a renewed struggle for civil rights for minorities in the United States. African-American men and women fought along with their white counterparts in segregated units during WWII. (Bailey Farber, 817) The African-American community was galvanized to domestic action through a program called â€Å"Double-V†. (Bailey Farber, 819) The two â€Å"v’s† stood for victory at home and victory abroad. The victory at home was to be against racial prejudice, but the federal government did not take that portion of the slogan very seriously. (Bailey Farber, 820) Nevertheless, African American participation in the war effort both at home and overseas saw many people unable to support the racial superiority theories and other inborn prejudices that led to the social inequality of the nation up until the War. (Bailey Farber, 821) After the war, changes began to occur at a far more rapid pace for race relations than before. The president of the United States, Harry Truman, desegregated the military by executive order in 1948, and as the 1950s and 1960s came, an increased sense of entitlement among minorities led to a burgeoning civil rights movement that captured the attention of the entire nation. (Bailey Farber, 823)   From the Bus Boycott in Montgomery, Alabama in the mid-1950s, to Dr. Martin Luther King’s March on Washington, the effort to call attention to minority issues had finally seen the light of day. (Bailey Farber, 825) A spate of Supreme Court decisions and federal legislation wiped away the last vestige of legal discrimination on the basis of race; and while racism did not disappear during this time, it was, in most places, shunted into the dark corners of society, where it dwelled among the abhorrent and outdated attitudes that marked a backward and degenerate portion of the population. (Bailey Farber, 830) The end of WWII marked a new era in international relations for the United States as well. (Dauer, pg. 18) The race for the technology to use Atomic weapons was won by the United States, but the Soviet Union, which had expanded immensely as a result of the War, quickly obtained the technology to keep up with America. (Dauer, pg. 21)   This fact, plus the growing animosity engendered by the two conflicting political and economic policies of Democracy and Communism, set up a new world order where two powers sought to spread their ideology throughout the remainder of the world. (Dauer, pg. 31) US foreign policy was dictated entirely by this struggle from the closing days of WWII until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. (Dauer, pg. 34) As early as 1948, the United States engaged in an airlift of supplies to West Berlin in order to keep the remainder of the city from yielding to a Communist blockade. US policy in post-war Europe was entirely contingent on the European nations’ attitudes toward Communism. (Dauer, pg. 41) Under the Marshall Plan of recovery, only those nations committed to the notion of Democratic government, and thus opposed to Communism were to receive material aid to rebuild after the war. U.S. policy of containment, which was the notion of keeping Communism within its post-WWII borders, dominated the political landscape throughout the 1950s and 1960s. (Dauer, pg. 53) The United States joined yet another war only five short years after the end of WWII, entering Korea to prevent the Communist regime in the North from unifying the peninsula under the aegis of the Communist theory. (Dauer, pg. 57) All over the globe, the United States sought to intervene to arrest communist influence. These concerns reflected in the support of Israel in the Middle East, the Southern leaders in Korea and Vietnam, Batista in Cuba, and US association with all manner of undesirable leaders who had the sole virtue of not being communist. (Dauer, pg. 89)

History Of Baseball In Various Countries Sport Essay

History Of Baseball In Various Countries Sport Essay A Brief History of Baseball and the Dominican Republic Long before David Ortiz and Pedro Martinez were shattering batting and pitching records, or baseball greats like the Alou brothers and Manny Mota were becoming iconic baseball figures, the Dominican Republic was already introducing a distinctive brand of baseball to the world. The Dominican Republic has a long baseball history, which has only become richer in recent years. For over 100 years, baseball has been at the center of cultural life in the Dominican Republic. Though the origins of baseball in the Dominican arent exactly known, historians suggest that baseball first came to the island around the 1880s. Though it is a historical misconception that American Marines brought the game to the island during the 1916 invasion, the United States did play an integral, though indirect, role in bringing baseball here. The United States brought the game of baseball to Cuba in the mid-1860s. It is said that it was Cuban immigrants, fleeing their countrys ten-year war, who spread the game throughout the Caribbean, including the Dominican Republic. The first baseball teams on the island were formed either in the year 1894 or 1895. Eventually four teams were formed, becoming the oldest, and founding organizations of baseball in the country. Los Tigres del Licey (The Tigers) was founded in Santo Domingo (in order to compete with Club Ozama y Club Nuevo) in 1907. Over the next 15 years Licey became so dominant that an agreement was made among the three other competing teams (Los Muchachos, San Carlos, and Delco Light) to form a new team, comprised of their best players, in order to beat Licey. That team was Los Leones del Escogido. Las Estrellas Orientales (Eastern Stars) was founded in San Pedro in the year 1911. And later, as mentioned, in 1921, Los Leones del Escogido (Lions of the Chosen One) was founded in Santo Domingo. Sandino, who would become one of the more dominant teams in the league, was founded in 1921, (Sandino was later renamed Las Aguilas Cibaenas, (The Eagles, in 1936). After its introduction in the late 1880s the sports popularity quickly spread, and by the 1920s and 30s teams from the Dominican Republic were playing other Caribbean nations, as well as teams from North America. As with everything on the island, Dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo, who became president of the Republic in 1930, through military action, ultimately controlled all of Dominican baseball. Trujillo oversaw the modernization of the Dominican Republic, and undertook the modernization of baseball as one of these tasks. He built the first major baseball stadium, and provided an avenue for the sport to become the countrys national pastime. With the help of the dictator, and his support of the game, this era became crucial in providing the economic and political foundation for the sport. The inception of the official baseball league, and the eventual completion of â€Å"El Estadio Trujillo† (later renamed Estadio Quisqueya), were landmark events, as they cemented the place of baseball in the Dominican cultural lexicon. During the first phase in the evolution of the countrys baseball history, games were played only during the day. The games second stage began when Estadio Quisqueya w as built in 1955. The stadium was a brilliantly designed and well-built stadium for its time. With the stadium came lights, and what is considered Dominican baseballs Golden Era. To a further extent, players from the United States, especially the Negro Leagues, ventured down to the Caribbean, especially to the Dominican Republic, to play against some of the Caribbeans finest, adding to the level of competition already present. One of the most famous players to participate in the Dominican baseball circuit was Negro League great Satchel Paige. In 1937 Paige was approached by Dr. Jose Enrique Aybar, Dean of the University of Santo Domingo, deputy of the Dominican Republics national congress, and director of Los Dragones. (Los Dragones were the two rival teams from Santo Domingo, Licey and Escogido, who were merged to play in that years 1937 Dominican Baseball league). Los Dragones were a baseball team operated by Rafael Leonidas Trujillo, and Aybar hired Paige to recruit talented Negro League players to play for Trujillo. With $30,000 in hand, the Negro League legend convinced eight other Negro League players to join him for the eight-week long season, including future Negro League legends Josh Gibson, Cool Papa Bell, Leroy Matlock, Sam Bankhead, Harry Williams and Herman Andrews. Paige had a solid season, recording a league best 8-10 record, and Los Dragones finished the season in first place, with an overa ll record of 18-13. After Los Dragones beat San Pedro de Macoris in the championship game, (coming from a 3 games to 0 deficit), all the players, except for Paige returned to the United States, though Paige would eventually return to the States. Having little baseball options after being banned from the Negro National League, the returning players formed Trujillos All-Stars, and barnstormed around the Midwest, playing in exhibition and All-Star games. Eventually Paige would continue to barnstorm around the United States, though he would never return to the island. The 1940s and 50s continued to bring acclaim to the nation, and its baseball league. The biggest baseball moment for the Dominicans, up until that point, came in 1956. This historic event paved the way for the future migration of Dominican talent to the United States. This year saw the debut of infielder Ozzie Virgil with the New York Giants. Virgil, who played nine seasons in the Major Leagues, brought Dominican baseball into the international spotlight. He was the first Dominican baseball player to play in the Majors, and it was the eventual success of Virgil, and fellow countrymen Juan Marichal, the Alou brothers, Manny Mota and others, that consolidated the Dominican Republic as a baseball powerhouse in the hemisphere. With the prospect of a solid talent base so relatively close, teams from the Major Leagues quickly began to send money, players, and scouts to capitalize on the growing demand. This was another great boost for the Dominican baseball league and the countrys aspiring players, as they got to sharpen their skills with some of the worlds best talent. Players like Delmar Crandall, Grady Little, Bob Gibson, Willie Mays, Tommy Lasorda, Mike Piazza, Alex Rodriguez, and many others have taken advantage of the level of competition available here, and helped make the league even stronger. Since the 1960s and 70s baseball schools have set up shop in the Dominican Republic, and these days every team in Major League Baseball has a school or an active representation here. There are currently six teams in the Dominican league. Those previously mentioned, with the addition of Los Toros and Los Azucareros. The teams begin play in October, and the season runs through February, with each team playing 60 games, and the two finalists playing for the championship title. Both finalists also go on to represent the Dominican Republic in the Caribbean Baseball Series against Mexico, Venezuela and Puerto Rico. Of the six teams in the league there have been two great rivalries that have emerged, though this has been to the detriment of the leagues popularity in recent years. In the earlier days of baseball on the island Los Tigres and Los Leones battled continuously for the top, but in more recent years it has been Los Tigres battling with Las Aguilas. Los Tigres have won 19 Dominican titles and 9 Caribbean World Series, while Las Aguilas have won 19 championships. To date, 420 players from the Dominican Republic have played in the Majors (1956-2005), and according to Major League Baseball there are 119 players representing Latin America, which is 24% of major leaguers. Of these 119 players, 90 players come from the Dominican Republic. There are more Dominicans playing in the Majors than from any other country in Latin America, and the Dominican Republic has more players in the Majors than all other countries in Latin America combined. Dominicans have even made strides in other aspects of the game. In 2003 Tony Pena, formerly of the Kansas City Royals, coached against Felipe Alou, of the San Francisco Giants, making it the first time that two Dominicans coached against each other in the Majors. And in 2004 Omar Minaya became the first Dominican General Manager, working the front office for the New York Mets. Though the strength of Dominican baseball is now found in each of the Major Leagues 30 teams, baseball still remains an important part of this countrys history, and an important cultural outlet on the island. Each time the topic of baseball comes up, the names of the legends of yesteryear who helped immortalize the game are remembered and discussed as if those players were still playing today. It is an improbable suggestion that each player, or baseball event will always be remembered, but it is possible to say that this countrys baseball past will always provide the foundation for its rich baseball future. http://dr1.com/articles/baseball.shtml http://www.baseball-reference.com/bpv/index.php?title=History_of_baseball_in_the_Dominican_Republicprintable=yes Puerto Rico The official story of baseball indicates that this game was invented by Abner Doubleday and introduce it in Copperstown, New York, where now is site of the baseball hall of fame, in 1839. The rules of this game was published by Alexander Cartwright in 1845. Mr. Cartwright also organized an amateur team called New York Knickerbockers that lost to to the New York Nine 23-1 in four innings in the first game that scores were taken and celebrated June 19, 1846. And this sport became known as the national pastime and was spreaded all around the world. This sport was brought to Puerto Rico by the sons and nephews of a Spanish official that had been transferred from Cuba. Here in Puerto Rico the sport was played before the Hispanic-American war. And the first official game played in the island was between Almendares y Boriquen.But the game really developed after the war, in that moment everything was in calm and people in mass started to play it. It used to be played only Sundays and on holi days. This spreaded around the island and almost all the towns had a baseball team.This sport became to be taught in school. People would write songs for their team.One of the most important team was Escuela Superior de Ponce. To play baseball from one town to another they would go in train and lot of fan would go with their team. One of the most important player was Amos Iglesia born in Brooklyn in that time. In the time of the real boom of the sport in the island the most important teams were All American, Cuban Stars, Royals Giants and Lincoln Giants. The first puertorican that receive a test for a team in major league was William Guzman but his parents would not let him go so he could finish being a lawyer. Jose Pepe Santana was one of the most important puertorican to play in black league in the United States due to his power hitting. Hiram Gabriel Bithorn was the first puertorican to play in the major league. His debut was April 15, 1942 with the Chicago Cubs. In 1943 he won 18 games and a era of 2.60. After that year he went to the war and when he came back the speed that took him to the major league was gone. In total, his career in major league in 4 season he had pitched in 105 games won 34 games and lost 31 with an era of 3.16. After Bithorm the next puertorican was Luis Rodriguez Olmo who played with the Brooklyn Dodgers when he started playing in June 22, 1945. He was the first to play in a World Series.His numbers after 6 years in the major league was .281 batting average with 29 homeruns and 458 hits in 462 games. After these two the following were Luis Canena Marquez, Carlos Bernier, Jose Pantalones Santiago, Jose Enrique Montalvo, Ruben Gomez. After those a great number of puertoricans started to play in the major league. In most recent history some of the puertoricans has been worthy to be considered i n a small group of great players in the history of the game. The most important player to come out of Puerto Rico was Roberto Clemente Walker from Carolina. He started playing in April 17, 1955 with the Pittsburgh Pirates but was first signed by the Brooklyn Dodgers. He was selected in 1973, in a special voting due to his death in December 31 of 1972 why delivering help to the victim of an earthquake in Nicaragua, to become the first Latin player to be in the baseball hall of fame. What he did for the game is without end. Some of his awards were National League MVP in 1966, 1971 World Series MVP, won 4 N.L. batting titles, 12 time all-star, won 12 Gold Gloves, lead League in outfield assists 5 times, had a hit in every game of the 1960 1971 World Series, hit 3,000 hit on September 30, 1972, all-time pirate leader in games, at bats, hits, singles, and total bases, second baseball player to appear on a U.S. Postage Stamp (Jackie Robinson was the first). His total for 18 years in majo r league is 2433 games, 3000 hits, 240 homeruns, .317 batting average. Another of great player to come from Puerto Rico is Orlando Peruchin Cepeda. He enter the major league in April 15, 1958 with San Francisco Giants. A lifetime .297 hitter with 379 home runs and 1,364 RBIs during his 17-year playing career with the Giants, Cardinals, Braves, As, Red Sox and Royals, Cepeda hit the first Major League home run ever on the West Coast when he clubbed a homer against the Dodgers in his very first Major League game April 15, 1958. He went on to win 1958 Rookie of the Year honors, the 1966 Comeback Player of the Year award, the 1967 NL Most Valuable Player trophy and 1973 Designated Hitter of the Year laurels. He appeared in three World Series, was an 11-time All-Star and hit over .300 nine times in his career. If we continue to talk about puertorican that had played in the major league we will not finish due that there has been hundreds of players. Some of themare the followings. In 1984 another puertorican was the top story for the major league and that was Willie Hernandez for the Detroit Tigers. In that season he had was the American League MVP and also the Cy Young winner. Another puertorican that been in front line has been Benito Santiago that in 1987 made a record of 34 consecutive games batting a least a hit for a rookie and that same year won the rookie of the year award. Now has a handful of golden glove awards. Some of the records that current players have will be told in their respective page. As you can see we have come a great way to the status we have earned as some of the top players of today baseball. Some of them you hear day to day as the following: Ivan Pudge Rodriguez, Bernie Williams, Carlos Delgado, Edgar Martinez, Roberto and Santos Alomar, Juan Igor Gonzalez, Wilfr edo Cordero, Jaime Navarro, Carlos Baerga, Bobby Bonilla, Javier Lopez, Roberto Hernandez and others. Cuba History of Baseball in Cuba Baseball came to Cuba in the 1860s. Brought by Cubans who studied in the United States and American sailors in Cuban ports. It quickly spread through the island and took heart with the Cuban people who were fighting for their independence from Spain. We will follow Cuban Baseball from its social club beginnings and through its Golden age. Follow the rise of the Amateur Leagues and the resurgence of the Professional Leagues in the 1940s. The influence of American organized ball in the 50s and the end of professionalism in 1961. Also a look at how Baseball survives in Cuba today, with hope of a return to its splendid glory in the future. A Tribute to Cuban Baseball A great number of Cubans played on baseball Teams in the Professional, Semi-pro, Amateur and Sugar Mill Leagues in Cuba. Cubans have played abroad in just about all the baseball playing nations. In the United States, Cubans played proudly and with distinction in the Major Leagues, Minor Leagues, and Negro Leagues. Ballplayers like Esteban Bellà ¡n, Josà © Mà ©ndez, Martà ­n Dihigo, Adolfo Luque, Miguel Gonzà ¡lez, Minnie Mià ±oso, Camilo Pascual, Tony Pà ©rez, and Jose Contreras have had stellar careers in baseball. Several Cubans are listed among the greatest players in baseball History . Also, many of the greatest American ballplayers have played in Cuba. Americans like Ty Cobb, Babe Ruth, Josh Gibson, and Satchel Paige have graced the ballfields of the island nation. Many have appeared on Cuban Baseball Card sets and Collectibles. This Web Site is dedicated to all the ballplayers of Cuban Heritage, either born in Cuba or children of Cubans, and all ballplayers from other na tions who have played in Cuba. http://www.cubanball.com/ A great number of Cubans have played in the major leagues. The first was Esteban Bellan , who played in the 1870s. Then in 1911 the Cincinnati Reds brought in Rafael Almeida and Armando Marsans, who were followed by a steady stream of players from the Island. Adolfo Luque became the first Latin star when he led all pitchers with an outstanding 27-8 record and a 1.93 ERA in 1923. In the 1950s Minnie Mià ±oso and other black Cubans helped integrate the Major Leagues. The 60s and 70s brought many players who left the now Communist country like Camilo Pascual, Luis Tiant, Tony Perezand Tony Oliva. More recently Jose Contreras and Rafael Palmeiro have reached stardom. Lately defections from Cuba by their star ballplayers has highlighted the Cuban baseball news. Cuban greats like Livan and Orlando Hernandez have risked their lives to play the highest level of baseball, which is found here in the United States. Cubans and the Negro Leagues A great number of Cubans played in the Negro Leagues. Men like Jose Mendez, Cristobal Torriente, Martin Dihigo and Minnie Mià ±oso played with distinction in Negro League squads. Cubans played in the Negro League World Series. Cubans also played in the East West All-Star games and are listed on All Time Negro League All-Star lists. Several Cuban teams were also part of the established Negro Leagues or barnstormed as independants. Teams like the Cuban Stars and New York Cubans were made up of mostly Cuban ballplayers. Many of the greatest American Negro League ballplayers played in Cuba. Pop Lloyd, Oscar Charleston, Cool Papa Bell, Josh Gibson, Satchel Paige and Buck Oneil have graced the ballfields of Cuba. They made the rosters of some of best teams in Cuban baseball history. Many of the only examples of contemporary Baseball Cards of Negro League players are found in Cuban Baseball Card sets. Mexico Mexicos baseball roots are believed to be traced back to approximately 1847. American soldiers in the Mexican War introduced Mexicans to the game of baseball in various regions. The laying of track for the railroad, specifically the Monterrey-Tampico railway, played a large part in the spreading of baseball throughout the country, specifically northern Mexico. Colonel Joseph Robertson, who was from Tennessee and once served under General Robert E. Lee, introduced the game in Nuevo Leon when he granted his railroad workers a holiday on the fourth of July in 1889. Robertson and his workers celebrated by playing baseball. The first organized Mexican League was formed in 1925 by Jorge Pasquel. Pasquel had major league ambitions and stocked his teams with Negro League stars. Furthermore he raided MLB players following World War II when there became a player surplus and accompanying pay cuts. Most of these defector players (23) joined the Quebec Provincial League soon after and Pasquel had to fold the league due to financial ruin in 1953. In 1955 the league resurfaced as a Class-AA minor league, then reorganized yet again in 1967 as a Class-AAA league and continues to this day as a summer league. (Mexicos other baseball league is the â€Å"Liga Mexicana del Paci ­fico† or Mexican Pacific League. It is a â€Å"high level† winter league where the winner of the league moves on to represent Mexico in the Caribbean League World Series. The winter league has a total of eight clubs that play a 68 game regular season schedule starting the second week of October and ending in December.) The Mexican League is composed of 16 teams, divided equally among 2 divisions: the North Zone and the South Zone. The Mexican League is facing tough times as the popularity of baseball is waning in the country. Unlike other Caribbean countries such as the Dominican, Cuba, Venezuela et. al., it seems Mexicans have found a cure for the Beisbol fever that they once had and its name is Futbol. Attendance at professional baseball games has been flat, with about 2.3 million tickets sold each year between 1998 and 2003, the latest year of data, according to Mexicos National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Information Processing. Meanwhile, soccer ticket sales rose 27 percent in the same period, to more than 4.9 million annually. As Mexicans become more affluent, theyre spending more on soccer than ever before. Mexico City, a metropolis of 18 million people, has four pro soccer teams but only one baseball team, the Diablos Rojos (Red Devils). It plays in the Foro Sol, a stadium wedged into a corner of the Hermanos Rodriguez race car track. A second team, the Tigers, moved to Puebla soon after the Social Security Stadium closed in 2001. Mexicos second-biggest city, Guadalajara, doesnt have a baseball team, but sports three top division soccer teams. Mexican soccer jerseys can be bought on any street corner, but baseball paraphernalia is practically nonexistent. Much like Canada, Mexicos media mostly ignore baseball. When the Pittsburgh Steelers a popular team among Mexicans won the Super Bowl it dominated front pages across the country. The other big game on that Sunday, the Mazatlan Bucks 4-3 loss to a Venezuelan team at the Caribbean World Series, was relegated to the last pages of sports sections. (Sounds like what happens when a curling tournament is on or the Maple Leafs open training camp doesnt matter if the Jays are winning the World Series in Toronto) While the Mexican Soccer Federation has cultivated its sport nationwide, baseball remains a regional game. Twenty-seven percent of the Mexican Baseball Leagues 445 players come from one state, Sinaloa, with another 20 percent coming from neighbouringSonora. Another problem is that Mexicans never get to see homegrown MLB stars play except on TV. Hopefully Mexicos moderate success in the 2006 and 2009 World Baseball Classic will do wonders for the sports popularity, but one can only hope http://mopupduty.com/index.php/mexican-baseball/ The Liga Mexicana de Bà ©isbol was founded in 1925 with six teams playing all their games in Mexico City. In the 1930s and 1940s, African-Americans from the United States—who were still barred from Major League Baseball until Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier in 1947played alongside Mexicans and Cubans in the Mexican League. This arrangement benefited the African-American players through higher salaries and better conditions than in the Negro Leagues in the United States, and helped the Mexican League gain status and revenue from increasing the caliber of their ballplayers. In 1937, legendary Negro Leagues stars Satchel Paige and James â€Å"Cool Papa Bell† left the Pittsburgh Crawfords to play in Latin America. After playing a year in Santa Domingo, Dominican Republic, Paige and Bell joined the Mexican League. In 1940, Bell won the Triple Crown, hitting .437, with 12 home runs, and 79 RBIs. The next year, fellow Negro Leaguer Josh Gibson hit .374, and set Mexica n League records with 33 home runs and 124 RBIs in only 103 games. His home run mark almost tripled the existing Mexican record and stood until 1960 when the Mexican League had a longer season. In the 1940s, multi-millionaire Jorge Pasquel attempted to turn the Mexican League into a first-rate rival to the Major Leagues in the United States. In 1946, Pasquel traveled north of the border to pursue the top players in the Negro and Major Leagues. Although he was reportedly turned down by Ted Williams and Joe DiMaggio, Pasquel signed up close to twenty white major leaguers, including such well known names as Mickey Owen and Sal Maglie, and a number of Negro League players. Ultimately, Pasquels dream faded, as financial realities led to decreased salaries and his high-priced foreign stars returned home. Currently, 16 teams divided into North and South Divisions play in the Liga Mexicana in a summer season, which ends in a 7-game championship series between the winners of the two divisions. Since 1967, the league has been sanctioned as an â€Å"AAA† minor league. In the winter, eight teams play in the Liga Mexicana de Pacifico, whose winner advances to the Caribbean Series against other Latin American winners. In 1957, baseball in Mexico got a big boost when a little league team in Mexico won the Little League World Series in Williamsport. 12-year old Angel Macias won the championship for the Mexicans by throwing a perfect game against a team from La Mesa, California. The El Sà ¡lon de la Fama, the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame, has enshrined 167 into its Hall of Immortals, consisting of 138 Mexicans, 16 Cubans, 12 from the United States, and one Puerto Rican. Distinguished players include Major League Baseball stars Roy Campanella and Monte Irvin, who played in the Mexican League in the 1940s. Nicknamed â€Å"El Bambino Mexicano,† or the Mexican Babe Ruth, Hector Espino was inducted in the Mexican Hall of Fame in 1988, after playing with San Luis Potosi, Monterrey, and Tampico from 1962 to 1984. His 453 home runs remained the record until Nelson Barrera surpassed him in 2001. Espino still holds the all-time records in many offensive categories. In international competition, the Mexican national team failed to advance beyond the second round of the World Baseball Classic in 2006. But its second-round 2-1 victory over the United States before a heavy pro-USA crowd of 38,284 in Angel Stadium in Anaheim, California, proved to be a big highlight to Mexicans as the win prevented its bigger rival from moving on to the semi-finals. Mexican teams have won the Caribbean Series against other Latin countries six times, most recently in 2005 when Venados de Mazatlà ¡n won in its home town. Venezuela: Origins There is not an exact and recognized version about how and when the game of Baseball was introduced to Venezuelans. What is accepted by most historians is that some Venezuelan students in American universities, began to practice the new sport when they went back home after finishing their studies and started to teach the game to their friends among the social high-class clubs in Caracas, around the early years of the 1890 decade. By May 1895, Amenodoro Franklin and his brothers Emilio, Gustavo, and Augusto established the first organized Baseball Club, â€Å"Caracas BBC†. They had been gathering people for the last 3 months to practice the game every Sunday. The youngsters were concerned in those days in spreading the fever of the new game in the city, they practiced in an open land in front of the train station in Quebrada Honda, further, the field was named Caracas Baseball Club Exercise Field. Caracas BBC organized the first official game in Venezuela as a big event to gain publicity. On May 22, 1895, they sent an open invitation and placed an ad in El Tiempo, a local newspaper. The game was so new and unrecognized that the reporter invited the people thru the ad to a new kind of Chess game, the Base Bale. The next day at 3:30 p.m., jumped out on the field the two teams of Caracas BBC, The Red and The Blue, the latter, managed by Amenodoro Franklin, won with a score of 28 to 19. Some of the players were the Franklin brothers, Emilio, Gustavo and Augusto, Adolfo Inchausti, Alfredo Mosquera, the Todd Brothers, Jaime and Roberto and Mariano Becerra. All of them, former students in the United States, are considered the pioneers of the game in Venezuela. Among the other players involved were the Gonzalez Brothers, Manuel and Joaquin and Emilio Gramer, they were Cubans living in Caracas. El Tiempo did not know much about baseball after the first game; even many people believed that they were going to watch a chess game, because of the reporters mistake. A note appeared on the paper the next day describing more the environment than the game itself: it looked like a carnival Sunday, without disguises or flowers or candies or reddish things. The delight of the people was so high that it was not even one complain about the poverty on the Republic was heard during the afternoon. And as in other times, people had fun, at least the part of the population who has more elements to do it.† Venezuela, filled with internal revolutions all over the country, was leaded by rural or military leaders, who tried to take control of the government. By 1895, General Joaquin Crespo was the president and the country was impoverished after many years of civil war. El Pregonero, another newspaper also covered the game, and in their note about it, they mocked El Tiempos Chess Ad: You see! El Tiempo? the match was a Ball Game, not Bale. El Tiempo is always wrong. They also published: â€Å"But this game of Base Ball provides health and strength to the body and happiness to the spirit. Three months later, on August 15, El Cojo Ilustrado a kind of magazine, published the first pictures of Base Ball in the country sent by Mariano Becerra. Days later, everybody was talking around the city about the new sport, and Alfredo Mosqueras father, the owner of Caracas Beer Co., built the first official stadium in the country with stands and official measures according to the American rules. It was the Stand del Este, near the Petare train station, a Caracas suburb. http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/Fall02/Landino/thepast.html The history of Baseball in Panama: In Panama, baseballs heritage dates back to the late 19th Century with the arrival of North Americans working to construct the Panama Canal. This is the time when baseball became a popular sport in Panama. The growth of baseball in Panama brought about the development of Panamanian players in Major League Baseball. The most famous player being Rod Carew, who was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1991. http://www.ebeisbol.com/category/panama/

Ragged Schools in the Victorian Era

Ragged Schools in the Victorian Era Victorian times started out in 1800s and lasted  until 1901. During this period of time, children were living in poverty, thus one of the great movements of Victorian philanthropy was establishing of ragged schools to provide education opportunity, like its name, Ragged Schools provide education for children who are too ragged, filthy, wretch forlorn to enter any other places (Besant, 1984). The origin of ragged schooling was first founded by John Pounds (1766 1839), he was a cobbler in Portsmouth and initiated by using his shop in 1818 for educational activity. John pound actively recruit children by spending time on streets and quays of Portsmouth by making contacts with children as well as bribing them with baked potatoes (Guthrie, 1847). After recruiting these children, he would then teach the girls to cook simple food where the ragged school cookery class is form. As for the boys, he would impart his skills set as a cobbler to them which would eventually representing industrialism. Reading, writing and arithmetic were also taught thoroughly thus making education as a base for schooling (Montague, 1904 p.40-41). Another Ragged School would be St. John’s School which is situated at Forton, a small village in Staffordshire in England. During year 1830 to 1831 it was being used as a Sunday School before being converted to a ragged school in 1861. During 1861, boys and girls schools were built within the existing premises, thus, different sexes would be posted to their designated buildings respectively. There were also blackboards and slate pencils available as well as cane which is being used as implementation of punishment system for children being late or playing truancy (Turner, 1986). As children during Victoria’s England, it was a time where child dominate the society, thus, during this time families tends to be large which eventually leading to overcrowding which then leading to poor families. Poor children are often put to work at early age such work places could be textile mills and also coal mines where working conditions are often deadly thus, education are something of a luxury for the children (Boone, 2005). Thus, the ragged school provides a safe environment and protection for children which has proper mentor in guiding skills set for them. Such protection would be to protect them from their parents who did not know how to guide a child into the right path (Silver, 1983 p. 20). Charles Dickens was another person whom brought the whole of Britain attention to children (Smith, 2001). He wrote the first letter on ragged schooling after he visited Field Lane Ragged School which was established in 1841, which later appeared in The Daily News on February 4th 1846. He mentioned â€Å"they are never taught; that first distinctions between right and wrong are, from their cradles, perfectly confounded and perverted in their minds; that they come of untaught parent† (Charles, 1846). Children were not taught on morality and were unable to differentiate neither what is right nor what is wrong, thus resulting in higher crime rate such as pickpocketing, thus, ragged school rescues children who are facing such difficulties in their lives (Boone, 2005). Dickens (1841) also described the boys that were age from mere infants to young men who were rescued to Field Lane Ragged School when he made his way down to the chamber room where these boys are going to live in. When he first saw the boys, he could not see any ingenuous, frank or even pleasant in their faces but their expressions and behaviours looked vicious, wicked, cunning, feeling being abandoned from all help (Boone, 2005). Some people might think that Dickens is being extremely harsh with the above comments but, he points out severe problems with the education system in Victorian England. As the teachers are mostly volunteers, basic education such as writing, reading and arithmetic were all being provided for these children as well as a sheltered place for these children (Macgregor, 1853). However, majority of the children were not as civilised and their behaviours constantly poses problems to the teachers. They could be listening attentively at sometimes while totally changes to another personality in a short time frame causing nuisance hence, punishment system was implemented. One of such punishment would be to forfeit the day’s pleasure if one is found with being disobedient to teachers. Whenever the day arrives and the children whom misbehaves realises that they were not going anywhere, they would start crying. This would serve as a reminder to them which would gain beneficial and positive result in shaping their behaviours and improving their manners (Walvin, 1982). There was another man whom made a great contribution to the Ragged School movement, Dr Thomas John Barnardo (July 1845 – September 1905) who started his own experimental Ragged School in late 1866 (Fletcher, 2005 p.41). He met the first destitute child, Jim, in 1866 and described Jim as â€Å"genuine Arab boy, friendless, homeless† (Marchant, 2007, p. 342). Barnardo also mentioned that when he saw the upturned faces more of those boys, he realises the fact that all absolutely destitute and homeless, he knows himself that he must look for ways to save these boys whom were also labelled as â€Å"street-arabs† (Wagner, 1979). First, he started a marketing strategy for his ragged school, â€Å"photographic marketing† (Ash, 2008 p.180) to increase the public’s awareness surrounding those pauper children during Victorian times as well as to raise funds for his ragged school. He would create postcards of poverty-stricken, dirty children before coming to orphanage and compare and contrast with the after photograph where the children are well-dressed and good-manner (Swain and Hillel, 2010). In this, much awareness was gained about how parents have failed in giving their child proper education and understanding of own morality, thus, bringing up issues of children during that time (Ash, 2008 p. 180) Lastly, there were two logbook entries by their headmaster from Kidmore End Ragged School which started recording in 1873. â€Å"8 October 1868 1st class not well attended. Boys wanted for work for tending cattle and working in the field† and â€Å"3 April 1871, Harry Castell and George Prior punished for playing truant since yesterday afternoon. There was no drill in the afternoon, the weather being damp and showery† (Hendrick, 1997). From the above entries, we could deduce that children who were attending Ragged School were still constantly wanted for work however, they would be punished for truancy, thus enabling them to change their behaviours as well as for them to realise the importance of education during Victorian times. With all these evidence to support the contributions of the Ragged School has made during Victorian times, although their facilities are not as good as those normal schools, however, the intentions of the founders were the same. They wanted to build a better future for British’s children during that time. They foresee that only when children receive more education, the country would then be able to progress (Hendrick, 1997). References Ash. S 2008, ‘Heroin Baby: Barnardo’s, Benevolence, and Shame’, in Journal ofCommunication Inquiry, 32(2), 179-200. Ashley, M 1850. Ragged Schools and Emigration Special Appeal. The Times, 10 July. Besant, W 1894. The Jubilee of the Ragged Schools Union, London: RSU. Boone, T Youth of Darkest England: Working-Class Children at the Heart of VictorianEmpire. New York: Routeledge, 2005. Fletcher, W 2005, Kepping the Vision Alive: The Story of Barnardo’s 1905 -2005. Barnardo’s Organiszation, Essex. Guthrie, T 1847 Plea for Ragged Schools, or Prevention is Better Than Cure, Edinburgh HC Deb 1849. Ragged Schools. [ONLINE] Available at:http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1849/jul/24/ragged-schools. [Accessed 29 October 14]. Hendrick, H 1997, Children, childhood and English society, 1880-1990, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Macgregor, J 1853, Ragged Schools: their Rise, Progress and Results. London. Marchant, J 2007, Memoirs of the Late Dr. Barnardo, Hodder and Stoughton, London. Montague, C. J. 1904 Sixty Years in Waifdom. Or, the Ragged School Movement in English history, London. Silver, H 1983 Education as History, London: Methuen. Smith, M 2001 â€Å"Ragged schools and the development of youth work and informaleducation†. The encyclopaedia of informal education. [www.infed.org/youthwork/ragged_schools.htm]. Swain, S and M Hillel 2010, Child, Nation, Race and Empire: Child Rescue Discourse, England, Canado and Australia, 1850-1915, Manchester University Press, Machester. Turner, O 1986. Forton St. Johns School. 1st ed. Staffordshire: London. Wagner, G 1979, Barnardo, Weidenfield and Nicolson, London. Walvin, J 1982 A Child’s World. A social history of English childhood 1800 – 1914, London: Pelican. WT14041938 Page. 01 of 06

The Feminist Movement and Linda Tripp :: Essays Papers

The Feminist Movement and Linda Tripp Several weeks back in class we discussed women’s roles in politics today. Linda Tripp has become a political figure whether she likes to think of herself in that manner or not. When you work for the pentagon or in any governmental venue whatsoever you are marked by the lines of politics for the rest of your life. My studies have shown that Tripp has tired to downplay her political role. That was a difficult task when she was posing as the friend of the President’s mistress at the same time as she was recording their personal telephone conversations for Prosecutor Ken Starr’s use. Linda Tripp therefore plays an important role in the political environment of today’s society. Tripp plays a dual role as a woman and a political figure. She is a person of great name recognition and thus she is a representative of women in our society. I think this is where the problems with Linda Tripp begin. Tripp has changed the political and societal construction of women’s’ role's, as we know them today. Her attempts to identify with other women have only perpetuated the difficulties that women have had with in the political system. As a young woman in our society, I find it difficult to ignore the impact that Tripp has had on women in our society. I am becoming ever more involved in the political realm and find it very challenging. The class in which we discussed women’s roles in politics in the nineties represented how important and relevant gender issues continue to be within social and political movements. From that class, I remember hearing several persuasive arguments and examples from the women in the class in regards to how difficult it can be to be involved in political issues today. The pressures of being a woman are sometimes subtle and often not felt instantaneously. The need to work harder and do better in order to prove ourselves competent to our fellow male counterparts is sometimes not realized by women until we have reached a personal limit. In reaching that limit we can look around and sometimes I feel we may have lost a lot in trying to achieve some of the same things that men in our so ciety are raised to do. I think Linda Tripp has reached that limit and has lost personal values. Her fame has not been of positive persuasion to the

Freedom is the Cost of Stability in Brave New World Essay -- Brave New

     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   David Grayson once said that "Commandment Number One of any truly civilized society is this: Let people be different". Difference, or individuality, however, may not be possible under a dictatorial government. Aldous Huxley's satirical novel Brave New World shows that a government-controlled society often places restraints upon its citizens, which results in a loss of social and mental freedom. These methods of limiting human behavior are carried out by the conditioning of the citizens, the categorical division of society, and the censorship of art and religion. Conditioning the citizens to like what they have and reject what they do not have is an authoritative government's ideal way of maximizing efficiency. The citizens will consume what they are told to, there will be no brawls or disagreements and the state will retain high profits from the earnings. People can be conditioned chemically and physically prior to birth and psychologically afterwards. The novel, Brave New World, takes place in the future, 632 A. F. (After Ford), where biological engineering reaches new heights. Babies are no longer born viviparously, they are now decanted in bottles passed through a 2136 metre assembly line. Pre-natal conditioning of embryos is an effective way of limiting human behaviour. Chemical additives can be used to control the population not only in Huxley's future society, but also in the real world today. This method of control can easily be exercised within a government-controlled society to limit population growth and to control the flaws in future citizens. In today's world, there are chemical drugs, which can help a pregnant mother conceive more easily or undergo an abortion. In the new world, since there is no need... ...rolled society appears to be a Utopia, where everyone is happy and lives in harmony, but the price paid is comparable to the superficial happiness that the citizens receive. Without the freedom of choice, the citizens do not actually realize the joy when a task is accomplished. Without having to work for a goal, the people do not appreciate the pleasure once the goal is achieved and do not actually understand the true meaning of happiness. The price for Utopia, in a word, is freedom.    Works Cited and Consulted Bedford, Sybill. Alodus Huxley. New York: Harper and Row, 1974. Berton, Pierre. The Great Depression. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1990. Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. London: Flamingo, 1994. Rae, John. Henry Ford. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1969. Woodcock, George. Dawn and the Darkest Hour. London: Faber and Faber, 1972.

Fairies :: essays research papers

FAIRIES ARE EVERYWHERE!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fairies are magical creatures, usually very much like human beings. But they can do many things that humans cannot do. Most fairies can make themselves invisible. Many can travel in an instant anywhere they want to go, even very great distances. Some can change their shapes; they might look like cats, or birds, or dogs, or any other animal. Some of them live for many hundreds of years; others (Like with Tinker Bell From Peter Pan) live forever. Many fairies like to play tricks on human beings; others like to help them. Fairies come in all sizes and shapes as well. They might be ugly, humpbacked little creatures, like the trolls or gnomes that the people tell about in Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. Both trolls and gnomes are supposed to guard treasures. Trolls live in dark caves, and gnomes make their homes underground. Some fairies are handsome, for example, the pixies of Wales, or the goldenhaired white elves of the Scandinavian countries. Some fairies are giants, others are less than two feet tall. Some have special shapes. Example are mermaids and mermen, human above the waist but with the lower part of their bodies like fish. They live in an underwater world of splendor. Beautiful mermaids often lure sailors to their destruction, or cause shipwrecks. The Scandinavians believed in a river spirit that looked like a man above the water and like a horse below.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most fairies live in fairyland, where some strange things are ALWAYS happening. They live together ruled by a king and queen, whose names are Oberon and Titania. Some people think that the ruler of Fairyland is Queen Mab.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not all fairies live in fairyland, however. Some live alone as the guardians of certain places. The Lorelei of Germany is a beautiful woman with long golden hair. She stays on a special rock on the right bank of the Rhine River.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many kinds of fairies like to play tricks on human beings. Sometimes they tie knots in the manes of horses at night, and ride them till the horses are tired out. A horseshoe nailed to the stable door will keep these fairies away. If the maid is lazy and does not clean the house carefully, the fairies will pinch her while she sleeps. The pixies of Wales are especially troublesome to human beings. Some pixies lead travelers the wrong way. Others call to a lost person in the voice of his friend. When he follows the voices, he finds nobody there. The pixies like to hid things in houses, and to blow out candles so that the people of the

Literature Narrative

Hemingway's modernist style of storytelling requires an impersonal narrator. The narrator describes the scene, and interjects small actions into the dialogue, but remains a facilitator for the reader to concentrate on the dialogue and the action of the story. The narrator in this story seems to tell the story as if it were a video clip, a nameless railway station somewhere between Barcelona and Madrid, ghostly white hills, a faceless waitress and an anonymous couple.The use of this narrator makes the reader look much deeper into the dialogue of the couple, because without the narrator spelling out the action for the reader, one is forced to interpret much more from the character's words. This modernist device tends to separate the reader momentarily from the text, so that the full impact of the story is not truly felt until one is finished reading. However, this device serves to make the story connect on a deeper level, and to have more impact as it hits one suddenly, instead of bein g built into a slow climax.From almost the beginning of his writing career, Hemingway employed a distinctive style which drew comment from many critics. Hemingway does not give way to lengthy geographical and psychological description. His style has been said to lack substance because he avoids direct statements and descriptions of emotion. Basically his style is simple, direct and somewhat plain. He developed a forceful prose style characterized by simple sentences and few adverbs or adjectives.He wrote concise, vivid dialogue and exact description of places and things. Critic Harry Levin pointed out the weakness of syntax and diction in Hemingway's writing, but was quick to praise his ability to convey action The majority of his early novels were narrated in the first person and enclosed within a single point of view, however, when Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls, he used several different narrative techniques.He employed the use of internal monologues (where the reader is in the â€Å"mind† of a particular character), objective descriptions, rapid shifts of point of view, and in general a looser structure than in his earlier works. Hemingway believed that â€Å"a writer's style should be direct and personal, his imagery rich and earthy, and his words simple and vigorous. The greatest writers have the gift of brevity, are hard workers, diligent scholars and competent stylistsTo explain Hemingway's style in a few paragraphs in such a manner as to satisfy those who have read his articles and books is almost impossible. It is a simple style, straight forward and modest. Hemingway's prose is unadorned as a result of his abstaining from using adjectives as much as possible. He relates a story in the form of straight journalism, but because he is a master of transmitting emotion with out embelli

Business Admin

make egress the celestial sphere in which your presidency operates. My composition operates In the burster sector but I bl hold on at In the dispatchice In the admit and payroll de set aboutment. 1. 2 Describe your brass charge and forthice London bearing provides flush back d cause pack who live In their own homes . You may be an previous(a) individual, nonplus a physical damage or impaired hearing or vision or you may wipe out learning disability or cordial health needs. This type of service is a good upsurge referred to as domiciliary guardianship or home c be. 1. Comp be your organization to an new(prenominal)(prenominal)(a) types of organization in your sector My organization is UK largest successful home c ar, personal avail and Individual sup larboard providers. Our services aid community of entirely ages and abilities to enjoy the benefits of life story independently in their homes and local communities. 1. 4 Outline your responsibilities Th e single-valued function of the Administer Is to support the client Care Co-ordination and the Branch director In the day to day c introduction of office administrative tasks linked to the provide of care support services.It is judge that the judiciary Assistant allow for undertake their tasks in accordance with the Companys policies and procedures. M responsible for a number of duties Monitoring care player do sure they arrived carry step to the fore task to service resolver and beat the duration 0 Running of care support bater payroll and set any subsequent wage quires. Payroll, electronically paying employees and confirming fourth dimension sheets. commonplace office administrative duties indoors genial Care. 0 Ensuring care fakeer sure their Rota on time on a weekly basis 1. Describe how your section fits Into our organizations structure My billet is very great I am the initial port of call I am the first person that visitors see on entering our office. I practise the ph bingle deal with pay quires and invoices in any case succor my group with early(a)wise admit duties 1. 6 Describe how your persona contributes to the organization operations organization. It is my roles to manipulate that visitor are taken care of and that I set business image. If I was to treat visitor poorly at the front desk its likely that they would gull a negative image of me.My main role responsibilities as Administrator is to figure that all care grower are paid individually(prenominal) month. I overly occupy to monitor care wrencher electronically ensure that care has to been carried out. I besides allow to ensure that timeshares are printed and striated to Care piddleers in an accurate and timely fashion. opposition agreed payroll and invoicing deadlines distribute paisleys and rough-cut reports. I also help with typing, archiving, filing, run into management and minute taking at meetings. 1. Outlines the policies, procedures, syste ms and determine of organization that is relevant to our role As an employee of this organization, I strive my go around to abide by the policies and procedures of my organization Guidelines, procedures and statute of practice that relate to my work are very important as for all(prenominal) atomic number 53 of them gives me critical discipline on how to action my Job effectively and safely. Guideline How to answer the ph whiz, dress code, how to handle netmail, how to store and recoup selective information, how to use IT to exchange and store information, how to use office equipment and ensure my own actions to invalidate risk to health and safety.Procedures Reporting of accidents at work, fire drills, reporting absence from work and first aid. Code of practice erect customer service, quality assurance, freedom of information privacy of personal data 1. 8 Outline who you would consult if unsure near organizational policies, procedures, systems and value If I am unsure about organizational policies, procedures systems and values I would intact my manager. 2. Explain the persona of working(a)s with separates people to reach out goals and objectives It is important to keep another(prenominal) people intercommunicate about progress because it ordain help them sleep to peeher the targets already achieved and what they are to achieve . This entrust help them set up their objectives in order to meet their targets. In terms of Business administration I think it is important to keep people sure about progress so that other people weed plan priorities their workloads. Is important to keep people intercommunicate of where you are.By doing this you lavatory also gain information on timescales, when this work needs to be completed. If you are un up to(p) to complete something by the time requested then other people allow for extradite to re-priorities their own workloads to fit around you and by holding people informed of your progress yo u shadower show that you are on steer with your work 2. 2 localise situations in which working with others can achieve affirmative moderates People can bounce ideas off each other. Working with others can also help with problem solving. Good group work promotes a positive incorporated image.Two heads are fall in than one. T= together Each A=Achieves M= oft 2. 3 Explain the purpose and benefits of agreeing work goals and plans when working with others. Establishing goals and objectives with your employees can help you effectively. When employees give up a firm encountering of what is expected of them, they can develop project plans and agendas that allow help them manage their work time more efficiently. You will also have tools in place to evaluate employee performance, making changes where necessary to ensure your business functions at optimum levels. . 4 Describe situations in which police squad members might support each other Team members can be supportive of one another by agniseing each others roles and help each other out when necessary. As part of my admit role I am expansible for the payroll and call observe of care workers. I had to train new-fashioned admit staff who start with the organization in assorted areas, and I have alship canal been in that respect to support them and give the axe if any over the phone or personally or via emails 2. Describe ways of providing support to other people in a police squad Be functional to help this is very important, ongoing learning to help them become more effective, also by learning new skills as the nature of their work and of your organization look and throw out team upwork be committed to team success and help grow the freight of others create a team vision and help personalize it, Ochs on relationships and encourage others to do that alike(p) If everyone is on the same page, as it were, as to how things should be done then the product (or service) is consistent, and customers grapple what to expect.If there is not agreement within the workplace, then the tension will be palpable, and the product or service will be inconsistent, depending on when and who produced it which will work to more customer dissatisfaction, when they dont get what they were expecting. 3. 1 Explain the purpose of communication with other people in a team If you dont communicate you will not experience what each person Job role is, we all fuck he vastness of parley in our daily lives without this we will not be able to under underpin each other .If the situation changes (like suddenly somebody cant hit the deadline or someone needs help) communication is key to ensure the team plan can be adapted accordingly. Different team-mates often have different areas of expertise or sometimes find out something that is of relevance to one of the other team-members. Communicating with each other about what you need to live and what it is that you know about allows you to pool expertis e. . 2 Identify different methods of communication and when they are employ Verbal Communication I constantly use words verbally to forefront information to my colleagues to provide information this is all done by telephone or face to face. The person on the receiving end would also need to exercise much caution to ensure that they clearly understand what is being said.This shows that I need to bring both my listening and oratory skills, as I would have to carry out both roles in my workplace indite communication Written communication is the fair through which the message of a vector is conv arrogateiond with the help of compose words, letters, personal urinals, e-mails ,reports, articles and memos are some forms of written communications. Unlike other forms of communication, written messages can be written communication an indispensable part of liberal and formal communication.I cant avoid written communication in my work place its everywhere. Emails, memos, reports an d other written documents are all part of my everyday work life. Email is a life saver for me, If I wish to say something confidential and not able to speak verbally over the phone, email is a great way to get my point across to the receiver, emails should be drawing and to the point. Non -Verbal plays a large role in the way I communicate with others.Unless youre firm language, however, you probably dont want to rely on it as your sole means of communication. You have to be aware of it in the work place when speaking to employees as this can give out the wrong signals. Your gestures, eye contact and movement and the way you stand and sit all convey a message to the person you are communicating with. Use gestures appropriately, or leave your custody at your side. Dont fidget, which is distracting, and avoid crossing your arms, which sends off appearance of being angry or closed off.Always look the errors you are speaking to in the eye and dont roll your eye or stare while they t alk. 4. 1 Explain the purpose of recognizing the strengths of other The purpose of recognizing the strengths of other So that you can work as a team, knowing each others abilities, you will be able to decide who is outstrip at doing different things. You know who to go to if there is a problem. disposition praise and wish make the person feel good. Watch and learn. Get best out of you and the team 4. Explain the values of innovation within teams Values of diversity within a team refers to the accessibility of different kinds of people n one team, increased diversity come new ideas If people are very sympathetic to each other and their way of working then the presentation or result of their task may not be as clear, strong, convincing to others or good thought out as they could be as many of the ideas, expressions and methods of presentation will be taken as authorized to the group without sufficient exploration of different possibilities. . 3 Explain the purpose of respecting individuals working with a team that their work or way of working is appreciated. Also respect makes people feel allude at work and it can make the team and atmosphere a lot better place to be in. When individuals are value they work harder within the team to achieves work goals or task more than they matt-up respect or appreciation wasnt there.Respecting people and their work is beneficial to you because knowing that their work is respected allows them to want to help you and know that its appreciated and that its making a difference, it can also help with their confidence and foreplay into team work Respect more or less of them will respect you back 5. 1 Describe the types of problems and disagreements that occur when working with there people in a team. staff not being trained and one staff have to do everything which will have a delay and affect in the workplace. Staff call in sick there is no other staff able to cover.Someone not keeping you informed on task for display c ase my manager not keeping me informed she assumes I am a soul reader. Someone not doing task even up so you will have to handgrip for them to finish it again, one of the problems that incurs is you not acquiring t complete your task on time because of them. Emergency unplanned work if you have tasks deadlines can be locomote then make sure they are and concentrate on emergency task. . 2 Describe ways of dealing with problems disagreements when working with other people in a team.

The Modern Alterations of Native American Life

Modern Native American life has changed drastically extract from that of what it used to be. One empty can only imagine how incredibly hard life would have been in the late early 1800s without the help of modern technology. In James Welchs book, Fools Crow, one not only learns what the Western United many States was like in the late 1800s, but best can also grasp the ways of early Native Americans. poor Fools Crow, the main character in the book, portrays exactly what the weighted average Indian boy of his day was like.Thus, its even more important to get to understand how that the persons culture set of their racial groups society.Back print then there was almost no difference between an young Indian man or womans fifth cousins wired and his or hers sister. Both were treated the same, logical and both were respected immensely. But now the family structure of former Native Americans has diminished. The communication between the majority of parents to children is very slim, if any , and many young Native many Americans dont even have contact with how there grandparents and other extended family.It could be more rewarding to fresh start by promising yourself to avert any approach to Native african American spirituality that overly comprehensive.

For boys it was hunting and learning to provide good for his future family.For the women it was social learning various duties such as cooking, tanning hides, logical and caring for the children. Indians used to educate themselves in order to survive as a team. Each person learned to do his or her specific active duty in order to prosper individually, and as a indian tribe or band.Its not the exact same for each tribe.Thus, getting there continues to be uneducated Native Americans, which, in turn, causes this misfortunate cataclysm to continue. Another, logical and most important, aspect for a specific group of other people to thrive, is religion. Ever since the first civilized human lived, there what was religion. For most people, religion is the hot glue that holds their life together.Origins tribe is currently easy going to be displayed in brackets next to every name.

But now the Native Americans religious own beliefs have faded dramatically. Most of todays Indian youths no longer believe or practice the religion of their ancestors. Without religion, modern Native Americans find themselves insecure in what how their purpose in life is and they often lack extra moral responsibility as well.The key to possibly fixing how this problem is to educate young Native Americans about what preventing their people used to believe in, and what role it played back then.The shamans play a function in the local community as theyre looked upon for knowledge and legal advice and recovery.Some Possess the characteristics of African Americans.Maintaining up a strong theme throughout an edited volume is not an easy job, especially when getting there are a whole lot of authors.

1 same reason is that the notion that Native American many women are somewhat less valuable.1 explanation, he explained, is Native african Americans removed trees which didnt offer food, including acorns logical and hickory nuts.Now you start to see apply your first evidences of violence.Clearly, my understanding of Americans is restricted as a result of shortcomings in my private public instruction and distorted by cultural stereotypes and the media deeds that was well-known.