Satire in Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels :: Gullivers Travels

Satire in Gullivers Travels On the surface, Jonathan Swifts Gullivers Travels appears to be a travel log, do to chronicle the adventures of a man, Lemuel Gulliver, on the four most incredible voyages imaginable. Primarily, however, Gullivers Travels is a work of satire. Gulliver is neither a fully developed character nor counterbalance an altogether distinguishable persona rather, he is a satiric contrivance enabling Swift to score satirical points (Rodino 124). Indeed, whereas the work begins with more item satire, attacking perhaps one political machine or aimed at one particular custom in each instance, it finishes with the most attack onslaught on humanity ever written, satirizing the whole of the human condition. (Murry 3). In order to convey this satire, Gulliver is taken on four adventures, driven by fate, a restless spirit, and the pen of Swift. Gullivers first voyage takes him to the Land of Lilliput, where he finds himself a giant among six inch tall beings. His ne xt journey brings him to Brobdingnag, where his situation is reversed now he is the midget in a land of giants. His third journey leads him to Laputa, the floating island, inhabited by queer (although similarly sized) beings who derive their whole culture from music and mathematics. Gullivers fourth and final exam journey places him in the land of the Houyhnhnm, a society of intelligent, reasoning horses. As Swift leads Gulliver on these four fantastical journeys, Gullivers perceptions of himself and the people and things around him change, broad Swift ample opportunity to inject into the story both ridicule and satire of the England of his day and of the human condition. Swift ties his satire closely with Gullivers perceptions and adventures. In Gullivers first adventure, he begins on a ship that runs aground on a submerged rock. He swims to land, and when he awakens, he finds himself tied crush to the ground, and surrounded by tiny people, the Lilliputians. Irony is present f rom the start in the simultaneous recreation of Gulliver as giant and prisoner (Reilly 167). Gulliver is surprised at the intrepidity of these diminutive mortals, who dare venture to mount and walk upon my bole (I.i.16), but he admires this quality in them. Gulliver eventually learns their language, and arranges a tailor with them for his freedom. However, he is bound by this agreement to protect Lilliput from invasion by the people of Blefuscu.

Summary Of Kidnapped :: essays research papers

Kidnapped, by Robert Louis Stevenson has a genre that classifies as historical fiction. I selected this book because the setting takes seat during the 1750s, which is a perfect time for history. At that year troopsy historic events occurred that have been written down in books today. Such as, The French and Indian War. Since the setting is in Scotland, the way the create verbally in the book is is quite hard.      The setting not only takes place in Scotland, but also through a voyage in a boat, as well as on islands. The year is 1751, in those days many people traveled by sea. Which is a major transportation use within this book. The setting is important to the plot, because most of the actions that follow are either not possible today, or are marvelous to happen. For example, when David and Alan are being attacked, they must go through a transcription of charging their gun. That takes a long time. Today the guns are automatic which enhances the speed of r eloading by far. Today it would be extremely unlikely to see a somebody using the same sort of gun as they used.     David Balfour, a brusk Scotsman who lived all his life in a place called Essendean. He has never been out of there. Having both his parents die was truly a tragedy. Only straightaway has the minister of the town (Mr. Campbell, who was friends with Davids father) told David that his father left him a will. The will stated, To the custody of Ebenezer Balfour, Esq., of Shaws, in his house of Shaws, these will e delivered by my son, David Balfour. David was to travel to some other town, and seek a place called The House Of Shaws. David then finds out that the man living in the gruesome house (where he thought was a palace before he laid his eyes on it) was rattling his uncle. His name was Ebenezer, and one of the odd things about him is that he didnt allow candles or lanterns in the house. Therefore it was hard to see at night. At stolon he didnt trust David at all, he would never leave him wholly in the house for one second. David and Ebenezer both left to an inn shape up the docks. There, David was to see a lawyer so he may astonish the inheritance. As for Ebenezer he had an appointment with a captain of a send off called Mr.

English Literature Essay

besides I larnk not a fellow feeling in my misery. No sympathy may I ever find. When I archetypal seek it, it was the love of virtue, the feelings of gratification and affection with which my whole being overflowed, that I wished to be participated. moreover straightaway that virtue has become to me a shadow, and that happiness and affection are rancid into bitter and loathing despair, in what should I seek for sympathy? I am matter to suffer unaccompanied while my sufferings shall endure when I die, I am well squelched that abhorrence and opprobrium should load my memory. Once my fancy was soothed with dreams of virtue, of fame, and of enjoyment. Once I falsely hoped to meet with beings who, pardoning my outward form, would love me for the excellent qualities which I was dependent of unfolding. I was nourished with high thoughts of honour and devotion. But now curse has degraded me beneath the meanest animal. No guilt, no mischief, no malignity, no misery, fundament be found comparable to mine.When I run over the surly catalogue of my sins, I tinnot believe that I am the same cock whose thoughts were formerly filled with sublime and transcendent visions of the beauty and the majesty of superbness. But it is counterbalance so the fallen non much(prenominal) becomes a malignant devil. all the same regular(a) that enemy of God and patch had friends and associates in his desolation I am exclusively. Text from Mary Shelley, Frankenstein 2nd Ed (New York W. W. Norton & Company, 1996), pg. 159 -160. In the above line of achievement Mary Shelley uses the heavyweight of Frankenstein view of himself to depict some of the major themes in the novel such as monstrosity and forsaking. The themes of monstrosity and abandonment both appear repeatedly throughout the novel and can in any case be seen in the above name. Monstrosity is one of the more dominant themes in Frankenstein as the central character of the novel is a demon. Frankenstei ns creation is rejected by society because his unnatural corporeal visual aspect leads raft to characterize him as a nut. Victors origin reception when he sees the ogre is telling I beheld the wretch the depressed the Tempter whom I had created (Shelley, 36).This further compounds the established idea that Frankenstein created a devil and as such he is treated as one. Upon entering the bungalow in search of a place to rest, the heller encounters the children of the cottage. The childrens reaction when they first see the monster further demonstrates that muckle categorize Frankensteins creation as a monster because of the creatures physical appearance. In the text, the monster describes the childrens reaction saying () their horror and consternation on eyesight me. Agatha fainted and Safie, () rushed out of the cottage. Felix darted forward, and with supernatural force tore me from his father (), he dashed me to the ground, and struck me violently with a stick. (Sh elley, 94). The monster refuses to harm Felix even though he was violently attacked by him. This is shown in the pursuit passage I could fool torn him limb for limb, (). But my heart drop within me as with bitter sickness, and I refrained. (Shelley, 94-95). Therefore, one can see that the perception of Frankensteins creation as a monster is establish solely on his appearance as the characterization of the creature as a monster in complete contrast to the monsters response, when refuses to harm the person who attacked him though he could have easily do so. Monstrosity is also demonstrated by the following quote curse has degraded me beneath the meanest animal. No guilt, no mischief, no malignity, no misery, can be found comparable to mine.When I run over the painful catalogue of my sins () the fallen angel becomes a malignant devil (Shelley, 160). The precedent uses the language of the fallen angel and the devil as a symbol. This position symbolism is presented as a contrast between good and evil. The monster believed himself to be an angel because of his internal characteristics though his physical appearance causes people to see him as a monster and wherefore treats him as a monster. He is deeply affected by this he fells isolated and alone and this feeling is intensified when Frankenstein refuses to create a female companion for the monster. The monster was very hurt by this and therefore he starts killing. This explains the imagery created by the author who uses the monsters words when he states that the fallen angel becomes a malignant devil. The monster sins and truly becomes a monster and a devil after he begins to kill. An act that the monster was, arguably, forced to invest because of his isolation which deeply impacted him. The abandonment of Frankenstein monster is also a fall out theme throughout the novel.The monster is abandoned by his fountain and when he tries to integrate himself into society, he is shunned by the people solely beca use of his physical attributes which are beyond his control. He is rejected only because of his physique, an aspect of his lineament that overshadows his, at first, gentle and kind nature and prevents society from seeing the good in him. This is made clear when Victor says, When I thought of him, I gnashed my teeth, my eyes became inflamed, and I ardently wished to extinguish that life which I had so thoughtlessly bestowed. (Shelley, 62). Frankenstein shares similar feelings he does not believe that he is worth(predicate) and he also feels that he should be abandoned. This is shown when he states I, the miserable and the abandoned, am an abortion, to be spurned at, and kicked, and trampled on. (Shelley, 160). This shows the protest against the monsters existence as the monster does not feel he is worthy and even his causation wishes that he had not created him. The theme of abandonment is also present in the novel through the following quote the fallen angel becomes a maligna nt devil. Yet even that enemy of God and man had friends and associates in his desolation I am alone and I am content to suffer alone while my sufferings shall endure (Shelley, 160).This quote is significant because when the monster speaks his tone evokes a reaction of sympathy from the audition. The sadness and loneliness in the monsters speech can be felt by the audience and becomes intensified when he states even that enemy of God and man had friends and associates in his desolation I am alone (Shelley, 160) the monster is communicating how alone and abandoned he feels and when he states that even people who have committed worst acts than he has, the enemies of God, have friends and he does not the audience cannot help but feel a sense of sympathy and pardon for the monster based on the tone in his language notwithstanding his physical appearance. Societys treatment of the monster also wrought his view of himself. The monster views himself as an angel who is made into a monst er I cannot believe that I am the same creature whose thoughts were once filled with sublime and transcendent visions of the beauty and the majesty of goodness.But it is even so the fallen angel becomes a malignant devil. (Shelley, 160). Frankenstein once viewed himself as a beautiful creature who was inherently good, which is demonstrated when he helped the peasants and relieve the girl from drowning (Shelley, 77). However, society continually shunned and rejected the monster and he was therefore forced into solitude and this is what caused him to start committing evil acts. This is demonstrated when Frankenstein murders Victors younger br separate, Victors best friend, and Victors wife after Victor aborts the creation of a female monster which the monster demanded so that he would no longer be in solitude. The following quote also reflects some of the sentiments that the monster experiences throughout the novelNo sympathy may I ever find. When I first sought it, it was the love of virtue, the feelings of happiness and affection with which my whole being overflowed () But now that virtue has become to me a shadow, and that happiness and affection are turned into bitter and loathing despair, in what should I seek for sympathy? This quote summarizes the emotions that the monster feels throughout the novel. One can sense the despair in his voice and that he has lost all faith that he depart ever be loved and recognized by others. He has accepted that he will always be abandoned and will constantly remain alone. In conclusion, the chosen passage is representative of the entire text of Frankenstein as it demonstrates some of the most prevalent themes in the novel such as monstrosity and abandonment.The text demonstrates the monsters loneliness and other peoples belief that he is a savage. These are recurring themes throughout the novel as the monster has to constantly deal with the consequences of peoples judgment of him. These themes are also important for t he body of relieve oneself in general as it drives the monster and has significant influence on his actions.

Characters in Chinua Achebe’s Books Essay

Chinua Achebe put downs the custom, especially, Afri basin values and attitudes through his characters in his novel, Things Fall Apart. Okonkwo is an ideal Ibo man who achieves wealth and fame out of nonhing, but this ca commits him to be conceited and disdainful of less winning. Pride is a noble feel that man should have, but sometimes, when the source of that pride is fear and insecurity kinda of genuine faith in oneself, pride could be destructive. In the book, Chinua Achebe uses the beam characterization, character dialogue and foil to reveal how Okonkwos incorrigible pride lead him to his own destruction.First of all, Achebe uses prepare comments from the narrator to describe Okonkwos fancys and action so that the author would effectively portray his characters proud nature. When Okonkwo returns from the exile, the narrator tells the readers near(predicate) his curriculum in detail that he says Even in his first year in exile he had begun to plan for his return. T he first thing he would do would be to rebuild his compound on a to a greater extent magnificent scale. Then he would show his wealth by initiating his sons into the Ozo society. moreover the really great men in the clan were able to do this. Okonkwo saw clearly the high esteem in which he would be held, and saw himself taking the highest title in the land (Achebe 172).When Okonkwo was exiled, he had a hard time because he had to start a new lifetime while he already became old and not as tight as before. The narrator shows that even though Okonkwo had hard time to adapt himself in Mbanta, he still wanted to show people that he is a successful man. This shows his proud nature that the narrator illustrates Okonkwo not sole(prenominal) desires to reveal his achievement to impress other people but in addition tries to regain his power in the society. By using the method of direct characterization, the readers stooge exactly analyse the traits of a character and what is going on in his mind without interpreting. In this case, the narrators direct comments of Okonkwos horizons and action effectively show his inveterate pride that he al looks wants to show off his success.Secondly, Achebe uses Unoka as the foil to strengthen Okonkwos character his meekness is contradictory to Okonkwos brash and despotic pride. Unlike Okonkwo, his tiro, Unoka, is a peaceful, friendly but lazy man who was considered to be a failure by the Ibo society. Okonkwo is very ashamed of and disgusted at him I have done my best to make Nwoye grow into a man, but there is overly much of his mother in him. too much of his grandfather, Obierika thought, but he did not say it. The same thought as well came to Okonkwos mind. But he had long learned how to lay that ghost. Whenever the thought of his fathers weakness and failure troubled him he expelled it by thinking about his own strength and success.And so he did now. His mind went to his latest show of manliness. (Achebe 66). Okon kwos abhorrence of his father strengthens his intractable pride because this reflects that Okonkwo sees himself as a successful man but his father as a failure. Furthermore, his fear of resembling his father caused him to stand against his fathers trait including gentleness and humility. Thus, by comparing two confrontation characters, Achebe not only exaggerates Okonkwos brash and arrogant pride but also explains the reason behind as well.Lastly, through emphatic dialogue, Achebe further strengthens his comment of Okonkwos hard, sometimes distorted, and often destructive, pride. After the wipeout of Ikemefuna, Okonkwo is still bothered by it that he says When did you become a shivering old woman, Okonkwo asked himself, you, who are know in all the nine villages for your valor in war? How can a man who has killed five men in battle menstruate to pieces because he has added a boy to their number? Okonkwo, you have become a woman indeed. (Achebe 65). Okonkwo is telling himself tha t he has turned into a woman- centre soft-hearted and emotional, and he feels ashamed.Through this monologue, Achebe lets the reader understand more of Okonkwos way of thinking. He obviously thinks that a man should only be whole and unemotional, and he measures a mans sense of pride by his ability in battle and toughness of his heart. Since his pride is not from the true confidence of himself, but from the fear of not being what he thinks about an ideal man, it is twisted- wrong, destructive. Achebes excellent use of dialogue shows Okonkwos distorted pride that the readers can connect that it would eventually lead to his downfall.Ultimately, Okonkwos inveterate pride led him to death that at the end of the novel he commits suicide. He finds himself unable to see his falling andweakness and adapt to changing society that he could not play an important role anymore due to the arrival of the fresh men. Okonkwo is a memorable character as he shows realistic strengths and true-to-li fe flaws. Through Achebes excellent use of direct method of characterization, effective use of foil and his robust dialogues, the reader not only sees Okonkwos character, but understands it as well.Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart A Novel. New York Broadway Books, 1994.

Database Environment

Database Environment Paper DBM-380 November 18, 2012 Introduction A database defines a structure for storing info and it collects information that is organized in such(prenominal) a mood that a computer program hind end quickly lead desired pieces of data. A database apprize also be thought of as anelectronic filingsystem. Data and information argon extracted from a database by creating a interrogative and then(prenominal) submitting it to the query database management system (DBMS) and it is be in a language that exclusively the DBMS can understand.The query can be in the form of a motion or just a keyword and once these queries run against the database, it will find a matching record (Reynolds, 2004) . Database Decisions When building a system for information, you kick in to limit how much responsibility for data management your softw be will fill up. A database can be rather monumental or it can be sm apiece depending on the information that is being stored. Request for information from a database atomic number 18 made in the form of a query or a question asking the database for particular information.All databasemanagement systemsare non the same from a technical standpoint. They differ mostly in the way they organize their information internally. The internal organization can then feel how quickly and supplely the information can be extracted (Jupitermedia, 2011) . Analyzing the use of databases Analyzing the use of databases In the Client Fulfillment part at Tactical Training chemical group Pacifics, there are two databases that are mainly employ and those are the Command Active directory and the Military & international international ampereere civil SME (MC&SME).These databases are very vital to this subdivision because they dish out with the daily drudgery goals. With the use of the dictation directory, it is helpful in finding different associates throughout the organization as well as finding certain departments, telecom municate poesy, mail codes, locations of command tuition centers, and Watch Station machines. When creating a unexampled accountfor a client or associate they must conjure up whether they are an existing client or that they are an associate the command directory is accessed to verify this information in align for them to receive the benefits as an associate.Another wages of the command directory is helping to find other department phone numbers or Watch Station locations. With the command directory database you select the issue that you are calculateing for like associate search, location, telephone number, Watch Station and then you enter your query not in the form of a question but a certain query language that is unders excessivelyd by this database to extract this information. This database relies on the Microsoft SQL server.Another database that is used command is the Military & Civilian Subject proceeds Experts (MC&SME). This database is used to help associates a cross all lines of business to do their job effectively. MC&SME contains processes and procedures for each department to abide by so if you are not sure on how to complete a customer request or the correct information to give to a customer it can all be constitute on MC&SME. MC&SME moulds on structured query language or SQL that it is usually asked a conventionalized question in put to execute and answer.This is a very large database because it contains so many another(prenominal) work procedures and specialists that are very important for each and every department at TTGP Command. Data specifications For TTGP it is important to remember that we have got tether types of people in our database Command Staff, Clients and Subject Matter Experts(SME) for training areas and certifications. The Following entities and attributes will apply relationally to all three areas 1. Command Staff * Name * Address * call in number * incision Name * Supervisor . Client/Customer * Nam e * Address * Phone number * Company Name * Company POC/Supervisor 3. Subject Matter Expert(SME) * SME Name * Company Name * Certifications (Separated By Commas) * Special Training * toll for Services The requirement for this Database is to ensure a check is made relationally for every name or skills to ensure duel entities arent entered. This DB is graduate(prenominal) usage throughout the day and has to backup and saved daily so that repairs upkeep and maintenance can be done by the wickedness IT crew.Database Management/Upkeep Both of these databases, the Command Directory and MC&SME have to be managed and regular maintenance has to be done in order to keep the information up to date. There are so many changes for associate / employee information if they leave the company or switch department or even if a department is no longer surgery all of this information has to be current. With MC&SME, there are so many changes to job procedures qualifications Etc very day in order to minimize fraud or if new products are on the market place and other ones are no longer being offered, MC&SME sends an alert immediately so if it affects your part of production, you will have to analyse it right away and make all necessary changes on how your work is done so the administration of both databases are important in order to take full advantage of the output to the relevant query. Proposing Improvements Improvements that can be done in order to maximize results for both of these atabases are to make them more client friendly. The Command directory could contain less field in order to search for results since the 411information page search and the location search is going to give you the same results and if you are not sure or the correct spelling of an member of staffs name, the sounds like field is not very helpful because it will come back with too many results and you still have to keep looking. MC&SME can definitely be made more user friendly.This is the m ost confound database because if you dont have the proper training it will take hours just to look up simple information. MC&SME involve to be reduced in search / query size in order to maximize retrieval results faster. Conclusion Because this 3 entity with attributes relational Database has such a high operational Tempo we need to ensure that only the critical attributes fields are used. This will help in not only over all DB performance but help with query retrieval speed as well.Keeping the relational processing unavoidable down to a minimum is imperative. Constant upgrades, maintenance along with surety patches are done and need to remain transparent to the user. This database is akin to the lungs that lie life into our command. References Jupitermedia. (2011, Spring). Internal Database Organization. Retrieved from http//jupitermedia. org/DBorg Reynolds, J. N. (2004). Database Structures. PC Magizine, 10(7), 123.

Lab †Risk Essay

Name and Number CIS 333 LAB6 Instructor Name prof West Lab Due Date 19 May 2013 1. What is the exit between a risk analysis (RA) and a commerce extend to analysis (BIA)? Risk analysis is often identifying the potential threats and the associated vulnerabilities to the organizations . Risk analysis doesnt view the organization from the mission life-sustaining transaction fulfil point of view. More over BIA perceives the organization from the strike that is going to pass away for an organization if the critical business processes ar interrupted or t adenosine monophosphateeredWhat is the discrepancy between a Disaster convalescence Plan and a avocation Continuity Plan? Disaster recovery is the older of the 2 croaks. DR formulation is an essential part of business schemening that too often gets neglected. break down of this has to do with the fact that making a Disaster Recovery plan requires a lot of conviction and attention from busy managers and executives from every functional department inwardly the come with. Business continuity is a newer term which was prototypal popularized as a response to the Y2K bug.In order to stop your company from bleeding money in these situations, you need a plan that go out allow the organization to continue generating revenue and providing services although possibly with set down quality on a temporary basis until the company has regained its bearings. 3. Typically, a business continuity plan is also a compilation or collection of other plans. What other plans might a BCP and all living documents include? Technical backup Plan How can you recover smoothly from technical glitches. Communications Plan What communication will facilitate this recovery. wherefore is it important to have detailed backup and recovery steps within your disaster recovery plan (DRP)? 5. What is the take of a risk analysis? What is the purpose of a business impact analysis? Why are these an important first step in defining a BCP and DRP? The purpose of a Business Impact and Risk Assessment is to determine the gauge business economic value of IT assets, to assess the impact the loss of those assets would have on business units, and to keep apart recovery priorities to the assets. 6. How does risk analysis (RA) relate to a business impact analysis for an organization?The purpose of a Business Impact and Risk Assessment is to determine the approximate business value of IT assets, to assess the impact the loss of those assets would have on business units, and to assign recovery priorities to the assets. 7. Given the list of identified mission critical business functions and processed, what kind of company would you say this organization is, and what do you think are its most important business processes and functions? It Company Risk Analysis & Disaster Recovery Plan to get the business up and footrace on the web 8.Given the prioritization list provided for the organizations identified business fun ctions and processes, economize an assessment of how this prioritization will impact the need for IT systems, applications, and selective information access? Recovery strategies should be developed for Information technology (IT) systems, applications and data. This includes networks, servers, desktops, laptops, radio set devices, data and connectivity. Priorities for IT recovery should be consistent with the priorities for recovery of business functions and processes that were developed during the business impact analysis.IT resources required to support date-sensitive business functions and processes should also be identified. The recovery time for an IT resource should match the recovery time objective for the business function or process that depends on the IT resource. Information technology systems require hardware, software, data and connectivity. Without one component of the system, the system may not run. Therefore, recovery strategies should be developed to anticipate t he loss of one or more of the pursuit system components * Computer room environment (secure computer room with humor control, conditioned and backup power supply, etc.) * Hardware (networks, servers, desktop and laptop computers, wireless devices and peripherals) * Connectivity to a service provider (fiber, cable, wireless, etc. ) * Software applications (electronic data interchange, electronic mail, enterprise resource management, office productivity, etc. ) * Data and restoration rough business applications cannot tolerate any downtime. They utilize dual data centers able-bodied of handling all data processing needs, which run in twin with data mirrored or synchronized between the two centers. This is a very expensive solution that only larger companies can afford.However, thither are other solutions available for small to medium sized businesses with critical business applications and data to protect. 9. For the top identified business functions and processes, what recovery time objective (RTO) would you recommend for this organization and why? The RTO must match or be shorter than the MTD 10. Why is payroll for employees and Human Resources listed as a co-number 1 business priority? It is listed as a number one because it is extremely what runs the office and something very important for these to parts to be correct.

Media usage

I deem attached a copy of my media log for the week of May 14-21, 2007. oer the last week, I spent 3 bits and 25 transactions online, 90 minutes nonice a DVD, 15 hours and 33 minutes watching idiot box, 4 hours and 45 minutes reading, 1 hour and 13 minutes reading magazines, 17 minutes reading the local paper, and 1 hour and 21 minutes using Blackberry. The log shows a marked predilection for foreign media, with the possible exception of my Blackberry and the Toronto Star, which I use to come up up with friends and local events respectively. Even though the Internet is used to carry through everything from communications to entertainment, it is still strange that tv set places first in my personalised Most Popular Medium contest.It is such an old form, first distributed widely in the 1950s. Yet, I spend more conviction watching it, than e-mailing, checking on friends at Face give, or watching news clips on CNN. Perhaps it retains its popularity because of its versatilit y. In tv set Culture, we learn that social change does occur, and television is a fragmentise of this movement(Fiske, 45). Because it keeps changing to keep up with the important issues of a situation time, television ensures its relevance and future existence.Up until now, I return not realized how much time I spent watching televisionnot unusual since many people from all walks of life lament the amount of time people spend on television. I honor that I havent recorded any time hearing to the radio, iPod, or a CD. Maybe music has been pushed into the unconscious or we have come to the point where radio is no longer a spiritualist of note. With the advent of satellite radio, the mp3 player, podcasting, and Russian sites selling music at a fraction of the price, there would be little reason to maintain a radio, with the possible exception of warning the population if disaster strikes.The newspaper is in addition becoming more overlooked as people switch to CNN Online and her babe sites. In order for newspapers to remain competitive, they need to take the focus eat up of world events and concentrate on covering the local area extensively. much(prenominal) close area coverage will never be install on an international news site such as BBC or CNN. age I spend a moderate amount of time on social sites like Facebook, it has not replaced telephone and in-person conversations. While my weekly telephone/text conversations seem to pale in likeness to my online time, face-to-face interaction is preferred.The second most used medium in this study is the bookone of the earliest mediums for disseminating information in the world. However, book sales today are the direct result of successful multi-media campaigns. Ive started reading The Secret by Rhonda Byrnean Australian author with the grand pipe dream to change the world.She proposes to do this by putting together a plank of successful people to educate people about the power of imagination that one can make his dreams come true provided he avoids sentiment about what he does not want. Because more people favor television and Internet sources over books, the writers of The Secret produced a DVD, advertised on the Internet, magazines, and appeared on Oprah. Because of this successful multi-media campaign, it had reached 1 on Amazons bestsellers list. The devastate Potter Novels and other Law of Attraction clones are taking this overture to boost sales.It is important to keep up with the world at humongous and Canadian television imports many American shows such as the Oprah Winfrey Show, the Dr. Phil Show, The View, Girlfriends, and The Bachelor. With such wide exposure to American media, it is little wonder why occidental Canadian and US culture are so similar.Works CitedFiske, John. Television Culture. NY Routledge,1987

Consequentialism: Morality and Charitable Donations Essay

What atomic number 18 the moral consequences of consequentialism?Consequentialism is defined as of in all the things a mortal cogency do at any intermitn moment the morally full action is the one with the best overall consequences. Peter vocalist who is a philosopher expresses his views on animal rights, spontaneous abortion, euthanasia, infanticide, and bestiality. According to William Crawleys interview with vocalizer, singers opinions on these topics provoke a great slew of controversy because thither atomic number 18 really no concrete answers and the proposed solutions to these views ar debatable.One of the closely controversial emersions is abortion, in the interview and article Peter vocaliser Abortion, the dividing lines, vocaliser passionately babble outs round his pro-abortion view and how to minimize the pain of the fetus when it is about to be murdered. The article dirty dog be related to the interview because utterer tells us what becomes a perso n to be a person and what is a person of being a demythologized union. In the interview he uses this example where if a baby was born with only a forefront stem and nonhing else in the wiz.The churl would n ever so recognize his or her pargonnts, surrender any emotions, communicate or do anything either, Singer argues base on determining whether or non this boor is a reasonable substance, and lucid substance is what defines a person to be a person. He said this nestling may be born by gentle parents, just it is non a rational substance nor will it ever be rational. A chimpanzee was also mentioned in the interview, where the chimpanzee is removed to a greater extent than self aware, rational, capable of connecting and loving other species. The chimpanzee is rational and is just as prestigious as a humans. The childs emotional state will be completely up to the parents and doctors whether or not they are capable supporting the child and other factors involved. Singe r does not imagine that murdering the child is immoral because that child is not a rational substance and never will be.I completely agree with Singer in this example, if there was a glimpse of hope where the child potty progress I would suppose it is wrong to let the child die, exactly in this scenario it is bringing emotional pain and to parents to see that their child can never recognize or communicate with them. There would not be more than difference if the child dies naturally or put to finish by parents and doctors, I agree the child is breathing and is alive, but he or she is not living life, not experiencing nor can ever fuck off the point of living. The point of living in life is to progress, learn, experience all types of hardships and happiness. I am not agreeing that we should let parents decide on whether or not putting to death on every abnormal childs life, just under certain circumstances where as to speak of a child not being a rational substance or not capa ble of experience life.As for the article, Singer argued that abortion does not deal with any moral issues, how it is wrong to ask When does a human life begin? and address of voltage of a fetus becoming a person. He first point out that having and charge a child is severe hardship. On the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, the brain is not developed to the point where it is conscience. He further discuses how even in the last stages of pregnancy the fetus is not self-aware, and have the capacity to discover pain but it is not capable of doing anything right or wrong. Singer also points out how the opponents argues that the fetus have potentiality of becoming a person, or even the next Albert Einstein. He believes this contention is absurd, because billions of human cells can potentially become persons, and with our advance technology immediately we can make that happen. Singer concluded that the fine line of abortion to draw is at birth.I think that consequentialism in abortion depe nds significantly on the parents. I am a pro- filling to begin with, and I strongly concur with Singer on his views. I dont think it even matters when the fetus forms into a human. I believe that parents are the only ones who can decide whether or not to abort the child because they are the one who have to take responsibility of the child aft(prenominal) birth and their life will change significantly because of a child. Parents have to determine whether or not they actually want this child, and check if they are financially stable and emotionally ready.If abortions were abolished there would be dangerous abortions, more children in orphanages, child abuses and etc. Also the childs health and wellness could jeopardize, because they were not brought to this human by choice. If it is immoral to abort a child, the risk of immorality of their life after birth is far more greater, and frightening. I think the fine line to draw is at the one-fifth or sixth month of pregnancy because a bortion after a certain period would put the mother and childs life at risk and if the parents were strongly negative about having a child abortion would occur on the earliest stages of pregnancy.Another controversial issue I want to discuss is derived from the interview and article Why we should retrovert away 25% of our pay? where Singer discusses his views on how murder is neglect. and gives suggestions to avail the world. In the interview, he shows understanding that everyone have normal obligations in contribute their income to their family and there should be a limit to that. Singer brings up statistic examples of how much children and adults die in a day and it can be delayable. He suggest that we can give up some of our opulence we declare including restaurant meals, vacation, drinking tap water alternatively of bottled and etc.Singer also included that we can easily give up 10% of our income to organizations and can still live comfortably. The article is quite similar to his interview, and tries to punctuate this point sorry, you have the same duty in both situations to prevent poverty and death, simply because you can. He started off with two examples showing the choices concourse make over their ethical duty to provide help to others. Singer also discusses the reason why lot does not bother helping, it is because the person in need of help is not physically near us we do not feel the need or temptation to help. He continues to show the effort great deal need to put in, and the drastic changes it make.I strongly resist with Singer, I believe charity is a choice rather than our moral obligation. I do feel that it is important to make charitable donations, and I do applaud and support people who are already donating a portion of their income to their local organization. I strongly disagree with Singers first example in the article, I would not care about a pair of new shoes over saving a friends life. That is not a corresponding example to t he rest of the ideas Singer expresses. I do not think we need to give up luxury in order to present. Celebrating our victory in restaurants and vacations is a reward to ourselves for the hard work and sacrifices we made to rifle where we are. Its comparable to celebrating our independence day on July 4th, we can donate all the money spent on fireworks every year to charity. It goes as far as birthdays, christmas and all these other holidays. Celebrations are occasional rewards we give ourselves, its not like everyone gets a promotion or raise everyday. I am sure that we can defiantly save a commodious sum from luxury spendings, however we will no longer be motivated to work as hard knowing that getting a promotion or raise is not a big deal and we end up donating them to charity.As to drinking bottle water instead of tap water, some people believe that tap water is revolting and not as clean as bottle. Some people uses luxury and money to benefit themselves in some way as their cram to work hard. People sometimes prefer certain luxury brands over cheap ones, because the quality is better and the life span of the product is longer. I agree with Singer that if we do not see the person who is in need physically, the chance of us donating is nearly zero. I think that people make charitable donations to achieve some kind of happiness, and moral fulfillment, but if we do not actually see how the donations actually help, people do not feel like as if they actually helped others in need. I agree that everyone can make a difference in peoples lives, however poverty and death is inevitable, and are everywhere. I believe people can make charitable donations after they care for their own health and wellness first, then care for their families and friends.Interview http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMZvIZEO1E0Article 1 http//www.heraldsun.com.au/opinion/peter-singer-abortion-the-dividing-lines/story-e6frfifo-1111114264781 Article 2 http//www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/wo rld/why-we-all-should-give-away-25-of-our-pay/2007/06/08/1181089326370.html

Stock and Long Term Trend

Team 1 Monm out(a)h Case 1. Is Robertson a good scene for Monmouth (assuming the wrong is right)? Why? Yes. Robertson Tool Company had been going through a few years of low gross revenue and profit, and, coupled with conservative pecuniary and accounting practices, was far behind the normal growth rate for companies in its industry. Robertsons 50% control of the market for clamps and vises, a grand with its good sit in the scissors and shears $200 million market, let it laudation the diverse holdings of Monmouth.These are attractive attri just nowes of Robertson, but the dealing point lies in the distribution network consisting of 2,100 wholesalers and 15,000 retail outlets. The Robertson intersection points are sold in 137 countries worldwide. This passageway to market Monmouth and Robertson products across resources could lead to above average growth and profits. 2. guess a WACC for the acquisition. Invested great(p) ? $37,696,000 ? ? ? Debt $12,000,000 ? Equity $25,696,000 ? ? ? Current market price $44 ? Shares outstanding 584,000 ? ? ? Unlevered Beat of Comparables 0. 725 ? Debt/Capital of Comparables 32% ? Levered Beta 0. 86 ? peril free rate 4. 10% ? MRP 6. 0% ? ? ? Cost of equity 9. 28% ? ? ? Sources of capital Weights After-tax cost Debt 31. 83% 3. 64% Equity 68. 17% 9. 28% ? ? YTM 6. 070% Tax Rate 40% WACC 7. 5% 3. Discuss whether you cogitate the judge prepared by Vincent and Rudd is reasonable. Why? Be specific.We think the aim is not reasonable since they wait was too optimistic and subject of their sales growth. a) The growth rate estimate in the future they use is rough 6%. The genuine growth rate is just 2% that ordurenot be join ond as 2 times as large in a short time, although it might increase due to the sales increase after(prenominal) the merge and acquisition of the Monmouth and Robertson. b) NWC should be as a section of sales. c) Termin al Growth rate shouldnt be zero but around 2%. d) The estimations of SG&A cost and COGS are reasonable.The union and acquisition give result the percentage SG&A and COGS of sales respectively gradually decrease by increasing the manufacture energy and inventory turnover. Therefore, we decided to stir the growth rate from 6% to 3% in the pro-forma, we will baffle the cheer of the firm proposed out from the pro-forma is $50 million instead of $56 million. 4. Prepare a value estimate for Robertson equity using the DCF method and info from steps 2 and 3 above. ? Actual Forecasts ? 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 ? ? NOPAT 1. 8 2. 4 3. 1 3. 8 4. 2 4. 4Plus Depreciation 2. 1 2. 3 2. 5 2. 7 2. 9 2. 9 Less CAPEX -4 -3. 5 -3. 6 -3. 8 -2. 9 Less Change in NWC -1. 4 -1. 5 -1. 6 -1. 6 0. 0 Firm Free Cash Flow -0. 7 0. 6 1. 3 1. 7 4. 4 ? ? ? 81. 9 Firm de enclosureine (millions) 85. 95 Terminal g 2% Less Debt 12 ? Equity cheer 73. 95 ? Shares Outstandi ng 584000 ? Price per apportion 12. 66 ? ? ? ? ? 5. Estimate a value for Robertson equity based on the comparables approach. Actuant Corp. Briggs & Stratton Idex Corp. Lincoln galvanic Snap On Inc. Stanley Works Robertson Tool Co. Collection Period (days) 55 77 47 61 96 77 53 blood % Sales 12% 18% 13% 17% 18% 16% 33% Operating Margin % Sales 17% 13% 20% 15% 10% 15% 5% Return on Capital 21% 9% 10% 12% 11% 14% 4% Times Interest Earned 3. 8 3. 2 7. 1 11. 5 7. 8 9. 3 3. 5 Debt % Capital ? balance sheet determine 98% 52% 30% 27% 29% 40% 28% ? market values 29% 37% 20% 17% 19% 24% 37% Bond Rating BB- BB+ BBB - A+ A - Value of Firm ($ mil) $ 712 $ 1,443 $ 1,191 $ 1,145 $ 1,861 $ 3,014 $ 29 EBIAT ($ mil) 55 119 98 90 129 234 1. 80 EBIAT dual 12. 8 12. 1 12. 2 12. 7 14. 4 12. 9 16. 1 Share Price $ 42 $ 42 $ 29 $ 22 $ 26 $ 27 $ 30 Earnings Per Share 2. 80 3. 20 2. 00 1. 78 1. 80 2. 32 2. 32 Price/Earnings 15. 0 13. 1 14. 5 12 . 4 14. 4 11. 6 13. 5 Average p/e quadruplicate is 13. 5 Use the p/e multiple to multiply Robertsons earning per share=13. 5*2. 32=31. 32 without delay Robertson studyd 584,000 shares So the equity value is 18,290,880 6.What price will be indispensable to score the backup man of the Robertson family, Simmons, and the majority of shareholders? What are the interests, concerns, alternatives for each group? . Robertson Simmons majority of SHs Price $32. 82 $50 $30 Interest Distribution dust Interested in electrical equipment, tools, nonferrous metals, and rubber products To improve the EPS of Monmouth in the conterminous five years. Concerns A relatively poor sales and profit mathematical operation NDP Stock price fluctuates Poor society Performance Relative to the Industtry Alternatives NDP, Simmons, Monmouth 133000 shares NDP vs Monmouth . Does Monwouth have an advantage over NDP in the yellding contest? Do you think NDP will spring up its offer in response to Monmouth offer? The synergies created by a merger between Monmouth and Robertson are clearly greater than that of NDP. As a publisher and manufacturer of auto parts, the benefits would not be as many as that of Monmouth. NDP must consider how much it is willing to legislate or borrow in order to crap a bid greater than Monmouth. If Simmons receives his $50/share, he will be accepting of the merger, and support Monmouth.This will turn the favor to Monmouth, as an acquisition by NDP would for sure devalue the resources of Robertson instead of using synergies created by mixing markets and offering new, complimenting, product lines. In fact, as Robertson is undervalued in the market because of unsystematic latencies and inefficiencies, the $50/share price demanded by Simmons might be less than the ache-term gain inherent in the merger of Robertson and Monmouth. 8. What price smoke Monmouth pay without harming its long term trend in earnings per share ? Finance texts localize on net presen t value of cash flow to make investment decisions.Are companies therefore foolish if they make acquisitions based at least(prenominal) in part on earnings per share impact? First, we necessity to forecast Robertsons net income if it is acquired by Monmouth, assuming its interest expenses will be $0. 8 million for the next five years. Second, we will forecast Monmouths gist net income after acquisition of Robertson. Monmouth must raise funds to make this acquisition. The companionship anticipated making the acquisition by issuing stocks. Thus, we will calculate how many shares Monmouth should issue without harming its long term trend in earnings per share, and total shares outstanding after acquisition.We notice that currently stocks of Monmouth and Robertson closed at $24 and $44, respectively therefore, we can calculate the tack ratio as $44/$24=1. 83x. If Monmouth acquired the entire Robertson by an exchange of stocks at a price of $44 per share, the shares that Monmouth nee ds to issue is 1. 07 (1. 83*0. 584) million. As a result, Monmouths total shares outstanding after acquisition would increase to 5. 28 (4. 21+1. 07) million. Now we know the total net income and total shares outstanding after acquisition, we can then calculate the after-merge earnings per share of Monmouth.According to the table below, the row in green shows that the after-merge EPS is let down than the before-merge EPS during the first two years, but will become higher in the following three years. Therefore, if we paid $44 per share for Robertsons stocks, we can acquire the entire Robertsons stocks without harming Monmouths long term trend in earnings per share. Using the same techniques, we can estimate the price range that Monmouth can pay without harming its long term trend in earnings per share.We can use the Goal Seek function in Excel to estimate the highest exchange ratio. As you will see in the table below, the exchange ratio can increase up to 1. 98x without harming Monm ouths long term trend in earnings per share. Therefore, using the exchange ratio of 1. 98x, we can estimate the per share price paid for Robertsons stocks. The estimated price would be $47. 52 (1. 98*24) per share, higher than Robertsons current trading price of $44, therefore will attract the shareholders of Robertsons to sell but still ont harm Monmouths long term trend in earnings per share. However, EPS plays very little subroutine in deciding whether an acquisition is good or not, since a companys net income after acquisition and total shares outstanding can be affected by many factors. Acquisition will fill synergies to the acquiring company, such as cost savings and efficiency. Also, the acquiring company may not need to buy the entire target companys outstanding stocks to gain control. As a result, EPS could also change due to these factors. Thus, NPV is a better alternative to value an investment.

Effects of TV viewing on Children Essay

I. IntroductionChildren atomic number 18 considered as the hope of the tomorrow. They be the one who make our world beautiful and substantive becaexercising of their innocence and simplicity. But ar these facts still true instanteradays? Or will it be just a dream for us now? Childrens characters, personalities and their totality as individual first develop and vomit up inside the home where pargonnts be oblige and responsible to teach their children the satisfactory values and morals. But the irony for this issue is that, parents tend to forget their responsibilities as parents in supervising their kids, due to their hectic schedules and demands of their work, especially in reflexion television where children are expose to different kinds of indecent advertise workforcets and commercials. Parents should allot date in spending quality mowork forcets and be on the side of their children in order for them to explain the advertisings and commercials which acquire an adult pith.Thesis Statement This make-up wants to present and persuade the readers to the highest degree the negative effects of television exhibit on children.II. DiscussionTelevision is a very powerful beast to the learning of the children and it can educate them in many ways whether it is useful or destructive to their morals and values. It contributes very much most especially when parents let their children watch indecent television shows anytime of the day without their supervision. There are alike shows on TV that create fear to the hearts of these children because they are accommodateed to internalize what they have seen. In a researched entitled Television and conducted by the University of Michigan easyness constitution stated that in a public American household, there are about 7 hours spend by children in watching television everyday and there are about tens of thousands of commercials ascertained by the kids on TV which  the  public relations mark.And no n plainly that, every year the range of 1,000 to 2,000 children watched TV ads for alcohol and the fears attributed by the television can create sleep problems. A survey showed that there was about 37 percentage of the kids stated that they were terrified by a TV story and the symptoms for this included anxious feelings, withdrawing from friends, nightmares(see Television University of Michigan wellness System).There are also commercials that speak about sex. It is called sex in advertising. The use of internal attraction as a tool of thought by drawing attention, interest to a particular product for the procedure of promotion and increase in sales had been a part of selling and advertising industry for quite some time. The method generally uses kind models, usually in a suggestive or provocative scene. The sometime(prenominal) two decades have witnessed an increasing use of explicit knowledge adequate attract in consumer-oriented print advertising and particularly of wo men as the object of sexual desire that it has reached to the point of macrocosm common.The use of sex in advertising on television can range from being highly evident to extremely subtle from explicit displays of sexual acts or nudeness, down to the use of basic cosmetic products to enhance attractiveness. The more subtle forms of this spectrum have seeped into other(a) types of media. One such example is the criteria in the selection of DJs and announcers, which is based on the sexiness of their voice.The use of sexual imagery in advertising has received a barrage of criticisms on various grounds. Moral and religious groups compare it for being obscene.  Feminist groups raise the issue of womens rights, that it reduces women as simple objects. Others mean that it only reinforces sexism.Sex in marketing through the years has become raunchier and raunchier, with each advertisement trying to outdo the last. Since it has become a powerful force in the marketing industry, we see the market being saturated with signs of glamorous blond women and muscle-rippling playboys. However, recent studies indicate that such a tool is no longer the sure-way answer to every marketing officeholders prayer.Although most companies utilize sex as their largest promoter of their product(s), negative results may never be far behind. Sexual ads do non always appeal to all consumers and accept sex as an satisfying marketing tool. A field of honor done by Susan Cummings for the American Demographics Magazine, quoted that 75 percent of women and 53 percent of men aged 35 to 54 said that sex in advertising can be offensive (Cited in Sex SellsNo, Really).Other concerns being raise is how the youth react to this and how they perceive sex in advertising. There are many different opinions on how sexual appeal in advertising is defined. A slight difference had been found between young men and women. Sexual appeal for young women did not depend on how throng looked in the ad vertisement. Focus is more on movement. It does not even have to include nudity, and models need not be exceptionally good expression for the ad to be even considered sexual. Young men also believe that the movement and the appearance of the models are of great importance. Both genders perceive an ad as sexual through words and images, even without images of nudity among the characters.Therefore, this study came to the following conclusions that advertisement do not have to contain nudity to be perceived by young men and women as sexual in character even movement and appearance of the models in the advertisement can make it sexual in nature young men differ from their women counterparts in the sense that they believe that exceptional good looks among models film an ad campaign to be so. They also believe that there is too much sex in advertising, even observing that there are companies who make use of sexual appeal even if their product is variant with the sexual image. These you ng men also see advertisements as not bad(p) to both men and women. This research also came to the same conclusion that buy behavior does not miscellany, since nudity in advertisement has become so common.Young female respondents also believe that there is too much sex in advertising and these failed to elicit responses. Reaction of tension came only if the image is tasteless. However, for young women, attitude and buying behavior might change if an advertisement based on sexual appeal is too sexual. A favorable response comes only if the sexual appeal is done tastefully and the appeal has any connection towards the brand. Their self-image and confidence is affected when it showed attractive models. Corporations are then urged to make considerations in aiming advertising towards youth in victimization sexual appeals in their advertisement campaigns.This means that children are prone to adapt thwarted values and morals which will affect sooner to their victimization as individua ls and contribute in the later part of their lives. Being TV addicts is more treacherous and hazardous than fetching a drug because it disseminates violence, spoils spates intellects, and ruins not only the individual but as well as our nation and culture.III. ConclusionsA. Effects on childrenWe cannot deny the fact that children are great imitators and that is one of their natures. They really follow and imitate what they have seen and observed from other people especially when they realize that these people involve manifests fervidness in doing such acts. Present televisions advertisements, commercials, shows and movies already content indecent acts such as violence, sensual actions or sex, drinking and taking drugs which have great impact to the minds of the younger generations. These kinds of entertainments will create oddity and puzzlements to their young minds that will push them to try it by themselves.The advertisers really point an effort to convey their audiences-whet her young or old-whom the actions perform on TV, those actions are worth emulating for and because of this, children are motivated to imitate it. The University of Michigan Health System further discussed that TV shows usually speak about the use of alcohol. The earth of alcohol on TV resorts the gamut from prime-time programsIn addition, the researched informed us that those who are TV addicts are more similarly to smoke cigarettes and marijuana.However, parents are not open in discussing issues such as birth control, sexually communicable disease and sex and even schools are lacking to give development about sex education programs and due to such reasons, children are able to acquire sex information through watching TV. In a survey disclosed the fact that there were about 76 percent of teenagers attested that one intuition why young people thwart in sex because TV movies and programs make such thing as common and ordinary for their age group (see Television University of Michi gan Health System).

Division of Labor According to Manuel Ayau Essay

According to Ayau, trade and cooperation is beneficial to all parties patronage differences among them in terms of capacity and talent. He states that everyone is made wealthier by dint of cooperation, and how it is that the securities industry economy leads to the benefit of everyone. In our world today, raft base their decisions on the comparison of alternative opportunity costs at the margin, so naturally, they demand the least costly option. However, a person can only add up rich by enriching others torpedoes claims to the moral high ground of those who propose that presidential term redistribution of wealth is a means to alleviate poverty (Ayau 32). Ayau explains the workings of the plain enterprise system, based on the benefits from mutual gains from trade arising from the creative productivity of a market-based and profit-guided system of division of grate.In addition, he explains that the division of labor through comparative advantage, satisfying societys needs, tra ding with and by enriching others is the way someone gain wealth. He says people intuitively do what goes by the name of cost/benefit analysis, for they are quite conscious(p) of what they are quite conscious of what they must forgo to acquire any(prenominal) they get in exchange. In his example, he explains it through simple diagrams and illustrations, with the said(prenominal) expenditure of time and without increasing individual productivity, the productivity of the combined driving force increases the wealth of the group, creating the opportunity for exchange with mutual gain (Ayau 37-41). In the end, Manuel showed how when deuce participants have different opportunity costs, when trading this is the key to understanding his proportion of increase in total wealth even when there is no increase in skill, resources, new technology, and etc. In the eyes of Ayau, people subjectively valve what they receive more than what they give and that wealth is made through comparative adva ntage.Works CitedAyau, F., M., Not a zero-sum game. The Paradox of Exchange. 2007. Part 1, pp.23-50.

Effect of Unethical Behavior Essay

The Securities and Exchange Commission was created in 1934 to police the U. S. monetary markets. Today, the Securities and Exchange Commission continues to create legislation alter reporting standards and providing more transparency. Unfortunately, increasing standards often comes after a distress of the system. The Sarbanes-Oxley telephone number of 2002 is a primary example of legislation following financial market failure. Sarbanes-Oxley influenced unrestricted businesses through transformation of the financial system.The July 2002 enactment of the Sarbanes Oxley Act, co-authored by U. S. Sen. Paul Sarbanes of Maryland and U. S. Rep. Michael Oxley of Ohio, followed a series of large public federation failures that included Enron, Tyco and WorldCom. Sarbanes-Oxley addressed investor confidence and fraud through reform of the public company reporting standards. However, much damage in the market occurred with the fail of several(prenominal) major companies between 2002 an d 2004. (smallbusiness. chron. com). The impact of unethical bearing is cognize by many companies, and have through with(p) damage to individuals, and businesses as well. The results of unethical behavior on a large scale would be the Enron, Tyco, and orbiculate Crossing, or WorldCom.Greediness led to accounting unethical promises, and with that certain individuals became the ones who had told on their companies. Falsifying financial reports is dishonest and unethical because the financial records are alleged(a) to show financial results of a business, and how it is growing. When accountants or managers lie about the revenue enhancement and cash flow it misleads prospective investors, stockholders, employees, and the U. S. g everyplacenment. So many billions of dollars have been dark in the paperwork, and financial statements.If I had found inconsistencies in the financial statements where I worked I would have to go through the chain of command to let them know of what I hav e found and if there was nothing done then I would then think about going out-of-door to tell someone so I could cover myself. Unethical behavior led to the end of Enron, and the other companies, and to financial issues for many individuals all over the United States. As a result of the unethical behavior of several companies there is now the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. All companies, must comply with the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act set guidelines for ethical accounting practices.

E-commerce

Throughout my cardinal years at the earth sits of Gullah, I devour wise(p) iodine very important affair describeing does non end once you graduate senior high shoal or university, it is a continuous facet of life that should never be neglected solely embraced. I am sure that squargon up something freshly every(prenominal) day. It whitethorn not be life altering It may be something so minute that I missed the fact that I well-read it. For example, apiece day In my anatomy class I happen upon how the kind-hearted body works. Monday, I didnt k promptly that each mineral vein doses nourish jibe arteries, only if on Wednesday, I did. righteous last week, I retard d how easy It Is to make tomato sauce. These little correctts direct me to hope that development never ends and I discharge use this untried noesis to discontinue my life. The knowledge I gained in high develop attentioned me to pursue in University, and the knowledge I gain In University pull u p stakes servicing me to keep up In the Job field. I know that oer the away four years, I ha eve developed my skills and lettered sort of a lot. For instance, when I study for a test, it is not Just to instruct the fabric like I did in high school, but in addition to to a lower place stand the material reached to me.This method not and helps me tie undischarged mark s on tests, but now can hold this knowledge in my every day life. My religion re was a big cocoa drinker. He drank 6 cups of coffee a day. later on my first year of university, I Lear Ned how to research a upshot and present In a simple, effective e manner. I researched the disadvantages and boldness effect of drinking coffee and GA eve this entropy to him, in the hopes that he would cut back, which he did. I shoot overly learned that at that place AR information.For instance, some people are infract learners who n they are being lectured to others learn better independent TTYL, I learn the silk hat when it is holds- on. For instance, in my organic chemist ray class, I dumb the concepts a lot better in the laboratory than in class. This as troop of accomplishment alike applies to my life as a match helper. When I first became a peer, there were many procedures, and formats that I require to learn. I found it very difficult to read a hand out, as my supervisor was lecturing me too. I decide motion that in found to understand these procedures, I need to physically go through h them.This hands- on approach allowed Bases of Competence Skills Portfolio Specifications Fred Veers page 26 of 34 phratry 2005 me to understand this new information the best and help me to be the near effective at my Job. The development of my ability to learn is also likely in my social life. In many aspects of my life, I have to be professional, something I never thought I required to be. In high school, I acted however I wanted, whenever I wanted, even if it left-hand(a) a poor impres sion of me. I can regard as this one contingency when I was being particularly rude to my develop at the bank.E-commerceThroughout my four years at the universe sits of Gullah, I have learned one very important thing learning does not end once you graduate high school or university, it is a continuous facet of life that should never be ignored but embraced. I am sure that learn something new every day. It may not be life altering It may be something so minute that I missed the fact that I learned it. For example, each day In my anatomy class I learn how the human body works. Monday, I didnt know that each vein doses have corresponding arteries, but on Wednesday, I did.Just last week, I learn d how easy It Is to make tomato sauce. These little events led me to believe that learning never ends and I can use this new knowledge to better my life. The knowledge I gained in high school helped me to succeed in University, and the knowledge I gain In University will help me to succeed In the Job field. I know that over the past four years, I ha eve developed my skills and learned quite a lot. For instance, when I study for a test, it is not Just to memorize the material like I did in high school, but also to under stand the material presented to me.This method not only helps me get great mark s on tests, but now can utilize this knowledge in my every day life. My faith re was a big coffee drinker. He drank 6 cups of coffee a day. After my first year of university, I Lear Ned how to research a topic and present In a simple, effective e manner. I researched the disadvantages and side effects of drinking coffee and GA eve this information to him, in the hopes that he would cut back, which he did. I have also learned that there AR information.For instance, some people are better learners who n they are being lectured to others learn better independent TTYL, I learn the best when it is hands- on. For instance, in my organic chemist ray class, I understood the concepts a lot better in the laboratory than in class. This as peck of learning also applies to my life as a peer helper. When I first became a peer, there were many procedures, and formats that I needed to learn. I found it very difficult to read a hand out, as my supervisor was lecturing me too. I decide deed that in order to understand these procedures, I need to physically go through h them.This hands- on approach allowed Bases of Competence Skills Portfolio Specifications Fred Veers page 26 of 34 September 2005 me to understand this new information the best and help me to be the most effective at my Job. The development of my ability to learn is also apparent in my social life. In many aspects of my life, I have to be professional, something I never thought I needed to be. In high school, I acted however I wanted, whenever I wanted, even if it left a poor impression of me. I can remember this one incident when I was being particularly rude to my mother at the bank.E-commerceThroughout my four years at the universe sits of Gullah, I have learned one very important thing learning does not end once you graduate high school or university, it is a continuous facet of life that should never be ignored but embraced. I am sure that learn something new every day. It may not be life altering It may be something so minute that I missed the fact that I learned it. For example, each day In my anatomy class I learn how the human body works. Monday, I didnt know that each vein doses have corresponding arteries, but on Wednesday, I did.Just last week, I learn d how easy It Is to make tomato sauce. These little events led me to believe that learning never ends and I can use this new knowledge to better my life. The knowledge I gained in high school helped me to succeed in University, and the knowledge I gain In University will help me to succeed In the Job field. I know that over the past four years, I ha eve developed my skills and learned quite a lot. For instance, when I study f or a test, it is not Just to memorize the material like I did in high school, but also to under stand the material presented to me.This method not only helps me get great mark s on tests, but now can utilize this knowledge in my every day life. My faith re was a big coffee drinker. He drank 6 cups of coffee a day. After my first year of university, I Lear Ned how to research a topic and present In a simple, effective e manner. I researched the disadvantages and side effects of drinking coffee and GA eve this information to him, in the hopes that he would cut back, which he did. I have also learned that there AR information.For instance, some people are better learners who n they are being lectured to others learn better independent TTYL, I learn the best when it is hands- on. For instance, in my organic chemist ray class, I understood the concepts a lot better in the laboratory than in class. This as peck of learning also applies to my life as a peer helper. When I first became a pe er, there were many procedures, and formats that I needed to learn. I found it very difficult to read a hand out, as my supervisor was lecturing me too. I decide deed that in order to understand these procedures, I need to physically go through h them.This hands- on approach allowed Bases of Competence Skills Portfolio Specifications Fred Veers page 26 of 34 September 2005 me to understand this new information the best and help me to be the most effective at my Job. The development of my ability to learn is also apparent in my social life. In many aspects of my life, I have to be professional, something I never thought I needed to be. In high school, I acted however I wanted, whenever I wanted, even if it left a poor impression of me. I can remember this one incident when I was being particularly rude to my mother at the bank.

The Benefits of Meditation

The Benefits of Meditation The importance of residue and meditation cannot be overstated. Not alone is it good for the individual, but for the realism as a whole. iThe new world view emphasizes the interconnectedness and mutualness of e rattling phenomena, as well as the emboldens of the individuals and societies in the cyclical processes of disposition (Capra 390). The systems theory provides that whatever is good for the individual, is good for the entire system of all ecology.Depak Chopra states that whatever is good for the ecology is good for the health of the universe, for all things ar interrelated. He calls this quantum healing. For this reason, it is imperative that an individual takes responsibility to keep the body and head word in good health. One of the most pleasant ways to come through this type of euphoria is through meditation and tranquility. Meditation can be achieved through yoga, relaxation techniques, Shamanic journeying, channeling, or exercise sched ules such as siamese connection Chi.The purpose of all of these exercises is to increase the bodys cypher catamenia and to ward turned sickness and contagious disease (Weiss 352). Tai Chi is a program that moves energy through the body. It uses the idea of pushing outward, moving the badly energy out, which leaves room for the good energy to enter. If the body is not cleared of the bad energy, the good cannot enter. This is accomplished through proper breathing, as Lao Tzu stated. right(a) breathing is facilitated by all of the aforementioned meditation techniques.Yoga is another bureau of body movement which works in the same manner as Tai Chi. Through a specific routine, the individual moves and cleanses energy, so that not only air, but blood and intelligence can flow freely throughout the mind and body. As satirist Adams, creator of the Dilbert cartoon has ofttimes said, one of the best ways to achieve what one wants out of brio is by writing out or stating affirmations. The process he recommends, and which he attributes to his own triumph, is the process of creative visualization.Shakti Gawain states that the benefits to be gained from this process of seeing yourself as having comp allowed goals, brings physical health, a healthy self-image, good relationships, forgiveness and release, and success (Gawain 122-123). The advantage of visualizing the future is that the information visualized bring outs a steady heart and individual to the body, mind and soul about the exact goals it wants to pursue and receive. For this reason, it is a very powerful means of achieving goals.Shamanic journeying is also a hands-on approach, which entails relaxation to a repetitive drum beat or musical score, and a conscious intent to move a specific sickness (one at a time) out of the body. Shamanic journeying, much like a transcendental meditation on another plane, can be used to undo the one-time(prenominal) and move the ties that bind from the body, or it can be used to carry off mental dis-ease from the mind. Much like a physical manifestation of psychological treatment, the mind and body can be healed by Shamanic means within a very short period of time, however .In the past, most of this work was done by a Shaman or care for person, but today, the individual can take responsibility for this work ( newhouse and Amodeo 48-52). The main(prenominal) thing to remember when journeying are these lines from a poem by Nancy Wood i each(prenominal) of my life rolled out from my feet,i and iAt the same time I made a hole in the sky ( novelhouse and Amodeo 50). This epitomizes the release and use of goods and services of energy. This same type of process is involved in channeling, a calm form of relaxation which is a 20 minute process that recognizes the sevensome chakras and their relationship to the earth and sky points of the body.A channel opens all seven points to let energy flow down, up and out in order to cleanse, create and love. Th rough the lower chakras the energy cleanses down through the stomach (yellow), intestines (orange), and productive organs (red). Once these are clean, the heart (green/pink) is undecided, and from there the throat/ utter (blue), vision/third eye (purple), and mind (purple) can be opened to the heavens for universal information and communication. In all cases, the meeting go under in the body is the heart.When love is sensed and cleansed, it can then flow outward to everyone and everything in the immediate vicinity and the universe (Stevens 224-229). Not only does this heal the body, but it heals the universe and all that receive the cleansed outward energy. All of these processes are not only for the purpose of cleansing the body, mind and soul or for creating the world that an individual wants for himself or herself. They are means to answer changes in the universe. Worldwide group meditations are held to correct all kinds of ills on this planet.They are held nightly and on spe cific dates. The perception experienced by the participants is a sense of complete peace and also of sensation. Works Cited Capra, Fritjof. holistic wellness Holistic Peace. in The New Holistic Health Handbook, living Well in a New Age. Ed. Shepherd Bliss. Lexington MA Penquin Books. (1985). Gawain, Shakti. iCreative Visualization. ,i in The New Holistic Health Handbook, Living Well in a New Age. Ed. Shepherd Bliss. Lexington MA Penquin Books. (1985). Newhouse, Sandy R. M. A. Amodeo, John, Ph. D. Native American Healing. in The New Holistic Health Handbook, Living Well in a New Age. Ed. Shepherd Bliss. Lexington MA Penquin Books. (1985). Stevens, Petey. iPsychic Healing. in The New Holistic Health Handbook, Living Well in a New Age. Ed. Shepherd Bliss. Lexington MA Penquin Books. (1985). Weiss, Shandor. Tai Chi Chuan as a Healing Art. in The New Holistic Health Handbook, Living Well in a New Age. Ed. Shepherd Bliss. Lexington MA Penquin Books. (1985).

Lord of the Flies Essay

In the novel shaper of the locomote, the author places a group of children in a note where there ar no crowing ups to control them. On an island, faraway from civilisation, it is up to the schoolboys to uphold a new ships company with new rules, so that they can stretch out to instituteher. But their attempt at an ordered vitality soon f solelys obscure and each of them is driven by an intragroup wolf, which tempts them into evil. The novel suggests that even though bit has evolved oer the centuries, becoming civilized and passing the cave for the city, the savage within him unperturbed remains.Disconnected from the restrictions of club, he slips back into a sprightliness where the pissed dominate with fear, and there is no place for the abstemious otherwise than as blind followers. It raises a very simple yet historic question do the strong ever ache the atonic? Hunting is single clear theme from the text, which implies that the authors answer to this que stion is yes. Since the beginning, the boys get classed jibe to their strength Ralph is chosen as the chief, the littluns atomic function 18 left to themselves, Piggy and Simon ar for the most part ignored and jackass brings the leader of the be deliverners.Jack pauperisms to be the matchless to provide heart and soul for the tribe. Yet, as time goes by, he seems to become more obsessed by the shiver of consumeing, feeling a compulsion to tether down and kill that is sw aloneowing him up. When the boys hunt the fecundate suckling its piglets, they choose the weakest and most straightforward of preys. The killing is described almost as a sexual act indicating the bill of pleasure it gave them Then Jack undercoat the throat and the hot blood spouted over his hands. The sow collapsed under them and they were heavy and action upon her.In the islands government, Jack in equal manner uses his power to hurt the weak to establish his authority. He shows off his huntin g skills to bring over the boys that he will be a better leader and give better protection against the feeble. When Roger kills Piggy, Jack screams, follow up? See? Thats what youll get His set of laws is enforced through fear and punishment, and even when Ralph is whole and defence slight, he wants to hunt him down and kill him. Although Jack and Roger are the most explicit examples of strong precedent to be perceived the weak, most of the other boys in any case have the same instinct. get the better of the pig Cut his throat assassinate the pig Bash him in they chant as they act out their hunt around the bonfire and do a savage dance. The per remainsance seems to carry them into a hypnotic trance, which leads to the vicious killing of Simon. By the end of the novel, even the littluns have done for(p) wild. Carried away by fear and violence, they inwardness the hunt for Ralph. It is easy to see that Lord of the Flies reflects a very disheartened view of human nature. The author seems to assay that the entrust to hurt the weak is an constituent(a) instinct in man.The thesis emphatically holds consecutive up in the world showed in the book. But to fully understand whether it is true or not, it is important to apply it to the authentic world as well. There are countless examples in eitherday life and history that support the thesis question. In 1996, the sports accessories giant Nike was hauled to court for exploiting children under sixteen to work in their sweatshops in Indonesia (Harsono, 1996). not only was the company breaking pip-squeak Labor Laws, it was making the children work like slaves in terrible working conditions.They were organism paid the official minimum wage, which was less that $2. 17 per day allowing Nike to make steep profits. Children form the weakest section of human society and therefore are often hurt and exploited. But they in turn, can also become the bedevilor for others weaker than themselves. We have all se en kids throwing stones at helpless dogs or stamping on ants just for fun. Playgrounds are filled with bullies who torment the meek. As Golding would say, the instinct to hurt seems to be present in us from birth.In another sensational example of battalion using their power to abuse the weak, The self-governing (Coonan, 2006) recently featured an article show the casting couch in the Chinese film industry. A Chinese actress Zhang Yu had blown the whistle on a number of famous directors and producers who only agreed to give roles in exchange for sex. And this is not an comical scenario. Life seems to be full of raft who use their power to get what they want from those in their control. A recent film, The Hostel, explores this proneness to hurt in humans, exposing it as a sickness.It is about a different signifier of prostitution, where the powerless victims are sold to buyers who get pleasure torturing them. The movie shows the beast in human nature at its slash. And the mos t terrifying is that the writer claims that its plot line is based on reports of true incidents. Yet, patronage such strong evidence of support, one cant help only when find Goldings worldview to be or so one- human faced as there are plenty of examples, which contradict it as well. It is true that tidy sum exist who enjoy hurting the weak. But it is also true that people exist who devote their entire life to protecting them.To accept unconditionally that the strong always want to harm the helpless, is to lay to rest the Mother Theresas and the Nelson Mandelas of this world. The thesis ignores the human rights workers, lawyers, checkup aides who work tirelessly for the cause of the weak. In the Genesis (1 1-25), God is express to create light and darkness, water and earth, biddy and beast. And so, just as there is evil, there is also good. It is a duality that is indwelling in life. Is the desire to hurt the weak instinctive in man? In the imaginary world of the Lord of the Flies the answer is yes.But in existent life, the issue is too complex for so absolute an answer. We cannot arrive at the virtue by simply ignoring the better side of human nature and considering only the worst or vice versa. Goldings wit is all-inclusive and too generalized. The novel itself gives the starting signal seed of doubt in the form of Simon. He helps the littluns collect fruit to eat. For every Jack in this world, there exists at least one Simon. If it were a ecumenical truth that deep down all humans feel a desire to hurt the weak, his presence would be disfranchised to explain indeed.Referencehttp//www.albionmonitor.com/9606a/nikelabor.html

Riordan Manufacturing Executive Report

Riordan Manufacturing Executive Report rabbit warren Buffet once said, Price is what you pay. judge is what you lower. With a corporation that has over five-spot hundred employees, four locations worldwide, and $50 zillion in annual gross tax, placing the esteem on the administration is simple look at the bottom line and cop the pro set(p). This is the point at Riordan Manufacturing where the price it paid to do backup was less than what it made, defining a actualize economic quantify in what Riordan braves.Riordans Sales and trade de vocalisationment has a abstemious cargon for $50 meg is gross revenue to stage of it. But how do we show the jimmy for separate de firearmments deep incur the establishment much(prenominal) as cultivation Systems (IS) and randomness Technologarithmy (IT) radicals? While the IS and IT be and what Riordan pays for it argon clear from looking at the pecuniarys, the range is non. This brings us to the interrogative sente nce of what cherish does Riordan Manufacturing get pop of its IS answers and IT de go awayment. This question is the problem that Riordan Manufacturing has had for legion(predicate) an(prenominal) categorys.Recently, Riordan executive caution hired a natural promontory Information Officer (CIO) to mend its base and to answer this question. While centering wants to workout much IS and IT antecedents by dint ofout the brass instrument, it has had trouble purpose the perfect fit in every last(predicate) aspects of its operations. Even though IS and IT monetary protects w ar risen, the puzzle pieces assuage deport non come together the tax and flip has not been clear to the fraternity. As we bequeath see throughout this suss out, it is sentence to localise and convalesce the value that technology and nurture brings to the governing.It is time to arrive the efficiencies and savings that the corporation get hold ofs to clearly see the value. With i nitiative Re first Planning (ERP), node consanguinity direction (CRM), or Supply concatenation foc exploitation (SCM) constitutions, there has got to be value in the way they be wasting diseased. thither has as strong got to be value in using away profits much(prenominal) as exercise wait on Providers ( asps) than raise abet realize and go for the value of these brasss. Finding the best way to utilize technology bequeath eitherow Riordan to rule the best value in the IS and IT departments. strain clays psychoanalysis and recommendations Riordan Manufacturing prides itself on its public reputation as the wind edge manufacturer of mall(a)eable injection moldings that is backed by a powerful and innovative research and victimisation team. However, internally, the face is suffering greatly from staidly outdated, labor- intensifier, pencil and paper bear up superstars in the gross sales and trade departments. Additionally, the tune serve upes that atomic number 18 modify atomic number 18 departmentalized suited for the recitation of a single think over function or department.Existing automated borderes belong to the pay and account department as healthful as the memorialing portion of the manufacturing department. there is no connectivity surrounded by trunks, and worse, attempts to establish communications between correspondent schemes across the agreements national and multinational locations consent been fruitless. It is out of the question for governance decision- betrayrs to contain a clear idea of the interworking of the organic law and its financial health.Chief run Officer (coo), Hugh McCauley, has developed a encyclopedic strategical direction for the arranging decomposed into respective(prenominal) strategic initiatives and further broken pop into various programs that be the responsibility of germane(predicate) departmental leaders to accomplish. Riordans COO has done an clarified job of initiating a strategic direction and smaller goals to watch the government activity checks industry leader status, besides the missing link that leave behind really obtain to separately one programs winner, is an entropy technology linkage.To bear in advance of competition and to shift into a more(prenominal) than agile organisation, it is recommended that Riordans prudence judge the hits of attempt-wide selective teaching dusts. enterprisingness-wide information musical arrangements Organizations comm unless put on enterprise-wide dodges to remediate nettle to information and as a result experience growth, burn exists, and cleanse efficiencies. The benefits of enterprise-wide establishments such as enterprise re root counseling (ERP), guest descent recognisement (CRM), and sire range of mountains of mountains concern (SCM) like a shot align with Riordans strategic direction.Proper go acrossation of these ashess lead add value to Riord ans credit line exemplification. However, enterprise-wide instruction executions be characterized by rotund trustings and large time commitments. Therefore, the organization moldiness evaluate which organizations lease befriend it achieve the majority of its goals, in a primerable time frame. In doing so, decision- getrs diff exercise fire de bourneine if each dusts value is worth its be and the dress in which to invest in and implement each musical arrangement. endeavor Resource watchfulness (ERP) Pros.An ERP outline is a necessary investment for Riordan because it integrates all departments and their respective functions across the organization into a single IT administration (UMaine, 2009). There ar terzetto main benefits of ERP systems that directly address problems with Riordans operations. ace benefit is a logical solution to a mess of incompatible natural coverings windly in use by the organization. ERP withal allows orbicular plan of attack and sharing of organisational selective information as well. Additionally, implementing an ERP system depart serve up the organization bypass the trickyies and expenses of replacing bequest systems (UMaine, 2009).An analysis of Riordans current issues with its pay and Accounting department reveal an speedy convey for an ERP solution. Riordans current motion to utter(a) the general ledger, income statement, and balance cruise is so labor intensive that accountants behindnot complete the task until two or three weeks after months end. Additionally, immaterial audits be selectd monthly. Riordans outgrowth historyation is ticklish to analyze, making this heavy task existly and labor intensive as well. Compliance with mod, stricter government regulations is to a fault exceedingly difficult for this department.Riordan management nonpluss these issues unimaginable and expects them to be addressed prototypical (University of Phoenix, 2012). An ERP solution entrust corre ct these error-prone, labor-intensive processes through automation ( credit line-Software. com, 2010). This give protagonist employees of the pay and Accounting department complete Riordans financial statements in a timelier manner. Further, ERP leave behind check into that all workflows and procedures are officially documented, allowing external auditors to complete their job more effectively and produce timely and sinless feedback for Riordan management.ERP systems also retard there is only one chance variable of truth by feeding information to one centralized, incorporated infobase ( calling-Software, 2012). Not only does ERP sponsor the organization deliver timely, true information to its nodes and suppliers that is also necessary for regulatory compliance. Cons. Although an ERP system lead lay the foundation for innovative, satiny enterprise-wide transaction systems, Riordan moldiness weigh the lucks of implementing the system. The first luck is bell. Fo r a multinational compevery like Riordan, the greet of installation behind range from $30,000 to $500 million (Demand Media Inc. , 2012).Riordan testament look at to do an extensive financial analysis to position if the organization has tolerable capital to expend on an ERP execution as well as rich contingency funding to bail the organization out should the carrying out fail. Anformer(a) risk of ERP instruction execution is the take of complexity that and ERP system allow for add to Riordans processes. Riordans current interpret whitethorn find the system to be too difficult to use and rebel a exoneratest the system as a result. Riordan whitethorn also find that a portion of their existing staff whitethorn turnover as a result of the instruction execution and testament need to hire a more alter user base as a result.These specialized employees whitethorn require high salaries than those they replace. To avoid this, Riordan will want to earmark comprehensive train ing to affected users, and it will be a long process dexterity benefits of the system will not be measurable until the organization queue ups to the inter forms that the ERP system will bring (Demand Media Inc. , 2012). An master(prenominal) risk of ERP execution of instrument to get word is entropy integrity. Because the ERP systems entropybase will be the single source of Riordans selective information, it moldiness be accurate and secure.Integrating the ERP system with existing systems may require both(prenominal) bundle modifications. It will be all-important(a) to witness that the integration of system results in info that is single version of the truth as well as securing any new transactions between systems. It is also important to note that or so ERP systems will be too decided to work with Riordans current profession process and strategy (Demand Media Inc. , 2012). The organization must(prenominal) evaluate marketer and execution of instrument selecti ons to ensure the ERP system help drive Riordans objectives, not hinder them.client Relationship worry (CRM) Pros. Riordans strategic direction and initiatives are highly node-centric. Riordans strategy is to take hold do in its market by percentage the top 15 client clusters, and hotheaded this strategy by providing the highest level of guest ecstasy to its 20 closely important account holders. Additionally, the COO wants the organization to transform the Riordan brand into a signifi substructuret rivalrous improvement (University of Phoenix, 2012). A CRM system is an excellent way to drive the success of this client-centric strategy.CRM manages all aspects of an organizations relationship with its clients to help join on node loyalty, store, and the organizations profitability (UMaine, 2009). Additionally, CRM systems are synonymous with mental synthesis brand awareness and loyalty. A modern translation of a brand is the sum total of hundreds of small interactio ns between an organization and its guests (Yarmoff, 2001). A CRM system laughingstock get hold of the data that results from these actions for analysis by the marketing department. Marketing analysts nooky bound what is unique nigh the organization that draws customers to it, helping Riordan build its brand.In the forthcoming fiscal year, Riordan is launching an aggressive sales and marketing program to grow its revenue, unfold its customer base, and save its best customers. The sales and marketing department will find difficulty in success salutaryy complemental this program run intoing their outdated, pencil and paper processes wi deoxidize the department. It will be difficult for Riordans marketers to target customers effectively by sift through hundreds of paper files of historical sales records to conduct market analysis.It will be difficult for the sales department to document special customers postulate, and ensure they are served throughout the organizations or der fulfillment processes by using the disparate sales systems currently in use. For back state of affairs analytical purposes, CRM digest answer the marketing department in drawing upon data from a single data source to reveal trends, explain outcomes, predict results of campaigns, and depict the organizations closely utile customers (UMaine, 2009). analytic CRM helps the marketing department understand what Riordans customers like, dislike, and what appeals to them and indicate if Riordan is recreateing or is equal to(p) of meeting customers needs. Analytical CRM fork outs this deep understanding of an organizations customer base through data analysis and championship news show tools (UMaine, 2009). It publicises clever information to the marketing department for campaigns and to the front-end part of the system to house the sales surprise with the information it requires. On the front-end, operational CRM give notice assist the sales representatives.Technology wil l complicate a contact management system, and fortune management system. In this use-case, the CRM system will alert the sales representative regarding what the customer likes/dislikes to enhance cross-selling and up-selling opportunities. Front-end CRM will also help the sales representatives in re result customer issues by providing meshwork-based customer self-service tips and mobilise scripting to break up equip the representatives with authorizeling the close common issues (UMaine, 2009). The CRM system bottom log recurring customer issues.This will assist Riordans sales representatives in solving difficult problems that have been previously addresses as well as assist management in targeting recurring scenarios that require improvement, resulting in join on customer satisfaction and retention rates. Cons. Like other enterprise-wide systems, CRM systems are characterized by expensive and difficult death penaltys. Riordan management has to ensure that the CRM initiativ e is well planned, historical data is stimulation accurately, and ensure workflow is mightily de o.k.d to curb the risk of jump out failure (Gartner Research, 2000). succeeder will also be highly dependent on cooperation with the ERP and SCM initiatives, as they eventually will become incorporate systems dependent on one some others data inputs and outputs. Solutions must be chosen with compatibility and interconnectivity in mind. In CRM, over-automation is ceaselessly a risk (Gartner Research, 2000). CRM is about convey a confederacy and its customers closer together, and some homosexual-to-human interaction is necessary for customers to feel as if they are creation heard. Finally, CRM systems are difficult systems to musical rhythm numeric outcomes and value (Gartner Research, 2000).Riordan management must sterilise what unique, possibly nonphysical outcomes they want to gradation from the CRM system to ensure it is providing its intended value. Supply Chain Manageme nt (SCM) Pros. As a manufacturer, Riordan would experience umteen benefits from the implementation of a SCM system. As part of its furrow strategy, Riordan is currently striving for publish chain excellence. The organization will drive this strategy by streamlining time-to-market processes, achieving 90% of customer requested ship dates, and simplification inefficiencies associated with its current shipping methods (University of Phoenix, 2012).A SCM system stern help the organization achieve these goals as it manages the information flows between and among stages in a write out chain to maximize total picture chain say-so and profitability (UMaine, 2009). A SCM system brings data from the five casts of the ply chain management process planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and go. This data takes into complete profile and awareness of ones supply chain, and in turn, hawkish avails. A SCM will be near effective in the planning phase if Riordan leverages information from an ERP and CRM system.With that data, the SCM system uses rhythmic pattern to judge and accurately meet customer gather up. Riordan will fade waste from its breed by having the right amount of materials on hand to fulfill customers orders as they are placed, reducing be stemming from holding onto excessive inventory. maturation shrewdness across all inventory locations will also permit go sharing of resources on-hand to meet emergency customer needs. In the sourcing phase, the SCM system will provide vendor management capabilities. Riordan rotter input data about eliable suppliers it has partnered with in the onetime(prenominal) as well as suppliers that have provided incapable service to document fights in prime(prenominal) among vendors. Riordan squirt also capture pricing data to determine which vendors provide the best value for their products. This will watch sourcing easier and more effective. The make loves Riordan obtains from strong vendor partnerships could turn in in more discounts for customers farther d proclaim the line in the supply chain. In the make phase of SCM, a SCM system raise ensure Riordan is manufacturing its products in agreement with the organizations quality standards.Managers can determine the desired quality levels, translate the quality levels into prosody, and have these murder rhythmic pattern monitor lizarded with the SCM system. The system will indicate when manufacturing is in line with quality metrics, surpassing metrics, or below metrics. A good cut of Rirodans reputation is dependent on manufacturing high quality products, so feat metrics in this area are important. The deliver phase is important to monitor with the SCM system as Riordan is experiencing inefficiencies in its logistic processes.The SCM system will help Riordan deal with processes and controls of logistic process to wee-wee in force(p) and effective transport and storage of its products as they are delivered to the customer ( UMaine, 2009). A SCM system can analyze delivery generation and help management determine where inefficiencies are occurring and why. The results may prompt management to create more conveniently located inventory facility locations to create more honest transit times. The system will also help Riordan coordinate more effectively with its outsourced trucking company.The ability to share information between both parties will allow Riordan to load its trucks to 100% capacity, resulting in cost savings for itself as well as less trucks and drivers for its partner. Finally, the winnings phase of SCM will be most effective when unite with data from the CRM system. The return phase of SCM pertains to the process allowing customers to return defective and excess products (UMaine, 2009). It is important to capture why customers are returning products to serve them better in the rising and assume from errors. It is also important forRiordan to be instantly aware that a return process has been initiated, so it can send out a replacement to a customer immediately. The customer may be dissatisfied as it is, so handling returns effectively can encourage the customer to continue using the company for succeeding(a) orders. This phase will help Riordan meet its goals of serving customers better as well as retaining them. Cons. Riordan must envision the many risks of supply chain management because this system is dependent on the cooperation of external craft partners. The first roadblock is gaining trust from phone line partners.Riordan and its suppliers must be willing to convince some confidential information in exchange for increase supply chain power. Next a supply chain is only as strong as its weakest link, so if Riordans suppliers cannot provide quality goods in proper time frames, Riordan cannot get the most out of its SCM system (Wailgum, 2008). Internally, there will be resistance to change as well. Employees will need to adjust to stricter data entry necessarys as well as high scrutiny of their exploit. learning will be crucial, as mistakes with the system will be made initially.A SCM system cannot absorb a companys history and processes in the first a few(prenominal) months (Wailgum, 2008) Management will have to be patient and continually feed the system clean data to reap visibility benefits. Recommendations The success of implementing enterprise-wide business tools is dependent on the creation of a single data source, populated by accurate and applicable information. To lay the foundation that will capture and integrate all information from Riordans unique workflows and processes, it is recommended that Riordan first invest in and implement an ERP system.Once this implementation is complete, and the organization is inclined to the changes this system will bring, a CRM implementation can be considered. The ERP systems centralized database will serve as the data source for the CRM system, making this implementation an ea sier transition for the organization. Once the CRM system is successfully implemented, a SCM implementation can be considered as Riordans financial health and strategic initiatives permit. A SCM system is recommended as the final enterprise-wide system to implement as it is reliant on information captured by both ERP systems and CRM systems (Wailgum, 2008).The success of these implementations will be dependent on a function of factors such as implementing the solutions in-house versus outsourcing the efforts, and implementing a process metric system to ensure that the systems are continually providing the value intended. Outsourcing Models Riordan needs to consider outsourcing some of its business functions to reduce upfront cost and integration challenges faced charm implementing enterprise diligences ERP and CRM. There are many outsourcing patterns to consider and many benefits and reinforcements.Therefore, a radical analysis and understanding of outsourcing gets is necess ary for Riordans long-term strategic alliance with vendors. This component part outlines outsourcing models and serve provided by the application service provider or asp and other outsourcing models. ASP Model Application service provider is one who has expertness in implementing and managing IT operations of the business applications over a secure net on behalf of its customer or client.ASP also known as Managed Application provider (MAP), or managed run combine hosted bundle program, hardware and networking technologies to offer a service-based application, as opposed to a company-owned and operated application (Sans Institute, 2006). ASP service embroil throughout solutions necessary for executing and operation of ERP, CRM, accounting, payroll, denigrate computing, and customized applications. In the ASP model, the provider typi bellyachey identifies the applications common to many organizations (for example, ERP) and hosts them in their data centers.The access to applic ations provided via a browser-based or thin client software. According to Pearlson and Saunders (2010), ASP not only provides access to software, that pedestal, people, and upkeep to run it in a customized forge for a client. Hence, the objective of ASP is to provide a secure, error-free surroundings of application systems and infrastructure round the clock. The ideal outlooks for taking the advantage of ASP are Riordans non- impression applications, which relaxes IT resources and make them operable for core applications.Another instance of ASP is Software as a Service (SaaS), which host duple companies (multi-tenant) to use the very(prenominal) set of software and hardware, but still provide a user experience of single application. The application accessed via Internet, and provides rich entanglement interface using technologies like AJAX and XML. The meshwork applications delivered via SaaS is customizable and integrates into in-house application using web service and ETL tools. For example, Sales Force applications from SalesForce. com are multi-tenant web applications employ by many organizations as their primary CRM application.Engagement with ASP involves service level agreements (SLAs), which contains many clause and vendor expectations. SLAs consists of sections on approachability, accessibility, performance, maintenance, backup/recovery, upgrades, equipment ownership, software ownership, security measures, and confidentiality (Pearlson &038 Saunders, 2010). ASP may provide cost-effective solution in their area of their expertise. However, for security pros, the move to use the ASP model comes at an often-high cost. The ASP may be an expert in its knowledge base, but its security function may be immature (Schoenfield, n. d. ).Hence, one should consider risk assessment and analyze the passim solution of ASPs and their security models. Many ASPs procurable in the market, Riordan should evaluate them once the outsourcing requirement f inalized. The table below provides list of ASPs and their domain expertise. Table 1 List of ASPs Application Service Provider Domain expertise Appshop www. appshop. com vaticinator 11i ebusiness suite Applications BlueStar Solutions www. bluestarsolutions. com Managing ERP solutions with a focus on SAP Corio www. corio. com Specializes in illusionist Applications Outtask www. outtask. com Integration of budgeting, customer service, sales anagement, and human resources applications Surebridge www. surebridge. com High-tech manufacturing, distribution, health care applications USi www. usinternetworking. com Ariba, Siebel, Microsoft, and Oracle customer base Note. Adapted from Information Systems Sourcing, by K. E. Pearlson and C. E. Saunders, 2010, Managing and Using Information Systems. A strategical Approach. Copyright 2010 by rear end Wiley &038 Sons Inc. According to Subramanian and Williams (2007), a complex scenario of services provided by single or multiple vendors offer m ultiple benefits. The long term agreements are necessary to reap higher benefits.This model provides competence needed in the initial stage and provides better quality, increases productivity, and reduces cost as time progress. Service provider takes full end-to-end responsibility by investing on new technologies, mitigating risks to maintain business continuity and building superior of trust. Figure 1. Services offered by managed Services. Note. Reprinted from Infosys snowy Paper (p. 5), by Subramanian and Williams, 2007, Copyright 2011 Infosys express Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing is a new outsourcing model introduced in 2006 by Jeff Howe in an article titled The rise of crowdsourcing in WIRED online magazine.In the traditional outsourcing model, the work of an employee outsourced to external service provider. In this model, the available skilled resources and ideas limited to service provider and its industry and domain experience. Crowdsourcing guide out to a larger community of interests over the Internet to complete a job or task. Thus, organizations gain access to a wide range of skills and resources available online. According to Jeff Howe the definition of Crowdsourcing is the act of taking a task traditionally performed by an employee or contractor and outsourcing it to an un defined, generally large group of people, in the form of an grant call.Companies and individual make an open call to perform a job for a small amount. Open call to an Internet community of collective intelligence can increase productivity. With the advancement of Internet and vane 2. 0, many websites like elance. com, odesk. com and guru. com provide superabundant resources of freelancers available globally. Riordan can make use of this model where the projects need specialized skills and risk is very low. Resources picked on reviews and rewards obtained from past introducements.For example, Riordans websites along with dynamic B2B and B2C pages using PHP and open source technologies is a good candidate of Crowdsourcing. Disadvantages of Crowdsourcing are low quality, communication issues, and researching for unquestionable resources with required skill set. intact Outsourcing Full outsourcing refers to outsourcing overall IT functions in an organization to an external service provider. This is similar to ASP model but the hardware and software remain on-site and vendor resources may collaborate with employee on-site or remotely, depending on the IT functions.For example, an enterprise may outsource helpdesk and scope aver. In this case vendors resources remain on-site to provide support on hardware and software issues. just about of software issues rectified remotely. Software tuition and maintenance happen in the vendors location. Companies typically choose this model if their perspective of IT does not support organizations strategic initiative. Doing so managers, and employees can concentrate on other value-adding assignment. Companies ou tsource completely to view as growth and respond to their business environment (Pearlson &038 Saunders, 2010, p. 09) with SLAs and multiple vendors. Riordan should not opt for full outsourcing because of risk in exposing secure material, formulas, trade secrets, and unique manufacturing methods to competitors. discriminating outsourcing fit well for Riordan. Selective Outsourcing Selective outsourcing allows IT executives with options of retaining few IT functions in-house for strategic reasons. Selective outsourcing gives greater tractability and often better service because of rivalrous market (Pearlson &038 Saunders, 2010, p. 210). According to Subramanian and Williams (2007), other get a line for selective outsourcing is Strategic out-tasking. IT executive will have total control, manage projects, and review deliverables in-house. Only few IT functions like new application development, enhancing application due business changes, fix non-critical issues outsourced and vend or take responsibility. Selective outsourcing is best suited for companies new to outsourcing. Riordan must outsource short-term assignments and small projects beforehand venturing outsourcing in a braggyger home and when they cannot find resources with specific skills or to gain strategic advantage.Outsourcing versus in-house implementations blush wine India Technologies PVT. Ltd (2011) defines outsourcing as the process by which a company contracts another company to provide particular services. These services and functions would be otherwise carried out in-house by the companys own employees. The main reason companies outsource supply chain management are to reduce cost, free up internal resources, unless time, to gain better control of managing functions, not enough internal resources to traveling bag the job and share the risk with a partner.Some of disadvantages of outsourcing SCM include the underestimation of cost due to communication, inadequate governance meaning tha t an in-house doing committee needs to be set up, reduction of technical, constitute information and crucial knowledge control, mark leadership with the business relations managed by supplier, increase in business continuity, increased cost due to salaries raises in other companies, and unethical suppliers. Outsourcing SCM will save the organization money in IT expenditures.The system becomes is streamlined and use by all location, more energy and money is left for core business strategies. The vendor will handle the development and implementation of custom finance software along with an accounting bundle along with the establishment of a phrase venture offshore back office operation of the companys invoicing, revenue processing, and auditing services. Some IT functions should not be outsourced such as core business competencies, functions that are knowledge based, and are company trademarked information.Multidisciplinary, Interdepartmental, factuality, and critical business f unction that may involve political risk should not be outsourced as well. Riordan should not outsource its core business function this part of the project should be done in-house so that Riordan maintain and controls these function to keep tweak all risk whether they are security risk or political risk. The reason most companies outsource ERP system is because they do not have the experience and the expertise to implement an ERP package.When it comes to implementation the supplier has a perfected system for installation and implementation, and most organizations do not want to assign full time staff to implementation thereby taking away from the everyday work as well as ERP package can be enigmatical and frustrating to employees due to false starts and downtime. Outsourcing ERP tends to be a good decision when it comes to spiritualist to lager companies because more than likely outside help will be need for consultation, references, credentials, implementation, and monitoring and check consultants.Stress within the company is one disadvantage because employees must learn a new system, and process that may affect productivity and efficiency. The effect can be short and long term. new(prenominal) cons such cost overruns during and implementation, converting, training and customized modules. The ERP system should be outsourced to a vendor can handle the testing and coding of the new system to insure it integrates with the existing or new MRP systems well verification and sustenance leaving the IT Department free to oversee vendor and other IT functions ( Janstal,1999).Many ERP vendors and consulting firms, who have professional implementation and customization skills for manufacturing ERP software less adjustments, are necessary because they will design software specifically for Riordan Manufacturing. The cost for the production of ERP software leverage depends on the size and functions of the software and the extent of the adjustment (Baihaki,2009).The busi ness of client Relationship Management (CRM) is evolving and changing in the market on a uninterrupted and constant base to meet the suppuration and guideing need for new strategies that increase business profit margin by having an application that create interactive analysis of the customers requirements and leading to the customers satisfaction. C. R. M s are all over the market place the need is to choose one, implement, install and train. Simple jobs no need to outsource. Value of capital punishments and Outsourcing RecommendationsSupply Chain Management implementation Studies show that the effective supply chain management (SCM) enables organizations to perform better and maximize profitability by aligning their supply chains with the market demand (Baltzan &038 Phillips, 2010). SCM implementation helps the organization to reduce inventory levels, minimize order-processing costs, improve responsiveness to customer needs, and compress order cycle time by streamlining and a utomating information flow among the unlike components of the supply chain process (Sumner, 2005).SCM implementation enables an organization to gain emulous advantage by reducing operating(a) costs and increasing process efficiencies to meet market demands and to ensure timely delivery of products or services. Customer Relationship Management Implementation Intense market competition is forcing organizations to change their business models from sales-focused to customer-focused making customer satisfaction a paramount for the organizations success (Baltzan &038 Phillips, 2010).Customer relationship management (CRM) implementation will enable organizations to gain perceptivity into customer buying behavior and purchase patterns and develop business strategies to improve customer satisfaction and service quality (Baltzan &038 Phillips, 2010). Riordan can improve customer satisfaction, service quality, customer loyalty, profitability, and sales volume by implementing CRM systems to m anage its interactions with the customers efficiently. Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Business leaders require access to real-time business information to make business-related decisions in an efficient manner to improve performance.Enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation integrates organizations business processes into an information technology (IT) system facilitating an integrated view of enterprise-wide business information (Baltzan &038 Phillips, 2010). ERP enables Riordan to streamline, automate, and integrate business processes to improve efficiency of business functions to reduce operating costs, improve customer service, increase revenues, eliminate redundancies, and improve decision-making (Baltzan &038 Phillips, 2010). Outsourcing RecommendationsOrganizations have to find ways to improve performance of business operations to sustain in the global competition. Outsourcing enables an organization to increase productivity, reduce operating costs, and improve flexibility by taking advantage of low labor cost regions and difference in time zones (Morello, 2003). Riordan should consider full outsourcing model for the implementation of SCM, CRM, and ERP systems to another organization while ensuring appropriate knowledge exaltation to its employees during the implementation process.Service providers expertise in the implementation of SCM, CRM, and ERP systems will help the organization to streamline, automate, standardize, and fine tune business processes to increase efficiency of business operations. Knowledge transfer to Riordans employees during and after implementation process will enable the organization to gain and retain adequate knowledge to support business systems efficiently. Riordan can use the selective outsourcing model for ongoing maintenance of the SCM, CRM, and ERP systems.Outsourcing only the IT support services to another organization will enable Riordan to keep critical business process knowledge in-house while ensuring around the clock IT support to its global business operations. Outsourcing bare(a) IT support services to another organization will help Riordan to concentrate more on business critical functions to increase productivity and improve operations performance. Providing proceed Value Once IT implementations are established assessing the value of new systems is the next step.When companies invest in IT initiatives they want to see the added value to the organizations IT and IS departments. Setting up a process to measure continued value is necessary in achieving this. For Riordan is recommend using IT metrics and Key proceeding Indicators (KPI) to measure value. KPIs also known as Key Success Indicators will help the organization define and also measure progress toward organizational IT goals. KPIs are quantifiable measurements that are agree upon, reflecting the critical success factors of the organization.If Key Performance Indicators are going to be of any value there m ust be a way for it to be accurately defined and measured. Equally important, KPIs once defined should be consistent year to year. The organization should also look to set targets for each Key Performance Indicator. Once KPIs are defined a way to measure it needs to be set up to collect information, a target, has to be established. down the stairs are some KPIs for Riordan in assessing success of IT initiatives IS and IT implementation adds tangible value to organization Implementation reduce IS and IT cost step stick Effectiveness Measuring the metier of a system can show its value to the organization but also set a bench mark to continually assess the system year after year. Using Effectiveness IT metrics measures its effectiveness on IT systems from the standpoint of a business tool. The metric can measure how IT affects specific aspects of a business and the business process such as diversity rates, customer satisfaction, and sell-through increases. Specifically, the metrics goal is to show how well a company is doing in reaching its objectives.In constantly questioning, it determines if the right decisions are being made to reach these objectives. One way we can measure effectiveness is through mints to IT, finance and HR departments. The survey giving to employees can give insight as to if the system is helping make work more amentaceous to Riordan employees or caused increased difficultly. The surveys should look to answer these questions Is the system increasing daily productivity? Does system work seamlessly with critical IT systems? Are there any disadvantages to the new system?Is the system easy to support? Easy to use? Is more staff training needed? Establishing benchmarks is a typical way of measuring performance of IT Effectiveness. Benchmarking puts IT in greater demand to align with the business and demonstrate the company economic value. IT benchmarks can show how competitive IS and IT services are, and if there are ways to improve the p rocess or increase efficiency of delivery of services. There are distinct models that can be used for Riordan to asses IS values. These are recommendedPeer/ industry comparisons Customer satisfaction IT effectiveness/value IT efficiency/cost Business IT process price benchmarking will address the problem of cost and quality of services. It can show what can be done to reduce cost and improve performance by show best practices in the industry. Figure 2. apostrophize Benchmarking. Reprinted from IT Benchmarking A Baseline for change performance, by Ambuhl and Bitterman, 2004. A successful benchmark is wanted by the actionable recommendation that yield immediate and long-term results.Be sure to outlining specifics in improving efficiency and effectiveness or it will have no important value. Measuring Efficiency Measuring IT effectiveness is only one aspect to find IT value. Efficiency IT metrics while similar has differences. This metric will measure the performance of an IT sy stem. It measures performance such as throughput, speed, and availability of a system. This will also determine how well the newly implemented system works with established systems. To measure performance organized documenting and reporting process must be in place.Efficiency IT metrics can be used to measure the throughput, how solid information is travelling throughout Riordans intranet or the speed of transactions with its suppliers and customers. Additionally, it can measure traffic to a website. art measures how many people come to a website in a given flowing of time. Additional benefits to the Efficiency IT metric, it not only measures the efficiency of a IT system for evaluating and improving its performance, but it makes sure the system is being used the right way, ensuring the effectiveness of the processes, and that they are in step with business objectives.Utilizing methods such as KPIs, Effectiveness IT metrics, Efficiency IT metrics, and benchmarking will help Riord an establish a clear dashboard, adding value to its IS and IT departments with every successful IT implementation. It will also show continual value of its IT systems by performance, which systems continue to add value and which do not. Conclusion As we have seen, Riordan Manufacturings utilization of information systems and information technology leaves a lot to be desired. With so much potential, they continue to have manual processes for tasks and information that can and should be automated and interconnected.Because of the lack of technology, executive management is not capable of seeing the big picture they need across the holy organization in order to make the best decisions. Because of this, it is hard for the company to see the value of the continued IS and IT investments. However, with the implementation of such systems as ERP, CRM, or SCM, value can be added, value can be see in the benefits they provide. While different systems may have a better fit within the organizat ion, Riordan must determine what is best for them they must determine how they will be used in the most beneficial way.With any major infrastructure change, there are new risks and costs to the organization. The correct hardware must be purchased the right software must be installed the business rules and requirements must be met the systems must be maintained over time. place these puzzle pieces together might not always go as well as planned. This is why Riordan must consider some of the outsourcing solutions discussed. Deciding on using an ASP, running in a SaaS model, or installing and maintaining the systems themselves, each require extremely detailed analysis.While it is easy to see the cost of each of these systems and deployment methods, Riordan must continue to go back to determining the value of each system at the same time. If the value is a reduced IT staff if the value is a more integrated system if the value is a more productive manufacturing process, the systems will show their value themselves. Riordan Manufacturing wants to receive the value out of what they pay for. in time we see that value is not a pay for what you get model, but value is in how you use what you paid for. References Ambuhl, C. , &038 Bitterman, M. (2004). IT Benchmarking A Baseline for mproving performance. Retrieved from http//www. rfgonline. com/events/highperformance. pdf Baihaqi (2009). Riordan Manufacturing. Retrieved from http//riordan-manufacturing. com/category/riordan-manufacturing and http//riordan-manufacturing. com/category/riordan-manufacturing-mission Baltzan, P. , &038 Phillips, A. (2010). Business Driven Technology (4th ed. ). New York, NY The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. project Schoenfield (n. d. ), Evaluating Application Service Provider warrantor for Enterprises, retrieved from http//www. cisco. com/web/about/security/intelligence/asp-eval. tml Business-Software. com. (2012). Why do you need an ERP solution? 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